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Swedish-speaking population of Finland

Not to be confused with Sweden Finns, a minority in Sweden.

Swedish-speaking population of Finland
  • finlandssvenskar
  • suomenruotsalaiset
Flag of the Swedish-speaking Finns
Total population
380,000[citation needed]
Regions with significant populations
 Finland287,933 (2021)[1]
 Sweden60,000–107,000[2]
Languages
Finland Swedish, Finnish
Religion
Lutheranism
Related ethnic groups
Swedes, Finns
  Officially monolingual Finnish-speaking municipalities
  Bilingual municipalities with Finnish as the majority language
  Bilingual municipalities with Swedish as the majority language
  Monolingual Swedish-speaking municipalities (Åland)
  Sami bilingual municipalities

More than 17,000 Swedish-speaking Finns live in officially monolingual Finnish municipalities, and are thus not represented on the map.

The Swedish-speaking population of Finland (whose members are called by many names[Note 1]—see below; Swedish: finlandssvenskar; Finnish: suomenruotsalaiset) is a linguistic minority in Finland. They maintain a strong identity and are seen either as a separate cultural, ethnic or linguistic group[6][Note 2][Note 3][Note 4] or, occasionally,[11] a distinct nationality.[Note 5] They speak Finland Swedish, which encompasses both a standard language and distinct dialects that are mutually intelligible with the dialects spoken in Sweden and, to a lesser extent, other Scandinavian languages.

According to Statistics Finland, Swedish is the mother tongue of about 260,000 people in mainland Finland and of about 26,000 people in Åland, a self-governing archipelago off the west coast of Finland, where Swedish is the sole official language. Swedish-speakers comprise 5.2% of the total Finnish population[13] or about 4.9% without Åland. The proportion has been steadily diminishing since the early 19th century, when Swedish was the mother tongue of approximately 15% of the population and considered a prestige language.

According to a 2007 statistical analysis made by Fjalar Finnäs, the population of the minority group is stable,[14][15] and may even be increasing slightly in total numbers since more parents from bilingual families tend to register their children as Swedish speakers.[16] It is estimated that 70% of bilingual families—that is, ones with one parent Finnish-speaking and the other Swedish-speaking—register their children as Swedish-speaking.[17]

  1. ^ "Appendix table 1. Population according to language 1980–2021". Statistics Finland. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  2. ^ "Encyklopedi om invandring, integration och rasism: Finlandssvenskar". Archived from the original on 27 January 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
  3. ^ "What is a dialect?". Institute for the Languages of Finland. Kotus. Archived from the original on 22 February 2015. Retrieved 31 October 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  4. ^ Kenneth Douglas McRae (1997). Conflict and Compromise in Multilingual Societies: Finland, Volume 3.
  5. ^ Jacob, James E.; Beer, William R., eds. (1985). Language Policy and National Unity.
  6. ^ "Being Jewish in Contemporary Finland". doi:10.33134/HUP-17-10.
  7. ^ See (Swedish)(Finnish)"Folktingets undersökning om finlandssvenskarnas identitet – Identitet och framtid", Folktinget, 2005.
  8. ^ Folktinget: Ruotsinkielisenä Suomessa. Helsinki 2012, p. 2.
  9. ^ Allardt and Starck, 1981.
  10. ^ Bhopal, 1997.
  11. ^ Andersson and Herberts., Håkan and Kjell (1996). "The Case of the Swedish-Speaking Finns". International Review of Education. 42 (4): 384–388. Bibcode:1996IREdu..42..384A. doi:10.1007/BF00601099. S2CID 144493718 – via JSTOR.
  12. ^ Tore Modeen, The cultural rights of the Swedish ethnic group in Finland (Europa Ethnica, 3–4 1999, p. 56).
  13. ^ "Population 31.12. by Region, Language, Age, Sex, Year and Information". Tilastokeskuksen PxWeb-tietokannat. Retrieved 16 June 2022.[permanent dead link]
  14. ^ "YLE Internytt: Tvåspråkigheten på frammarsch". Yle (in Swedish).[dead link]
  15. ^ "Svenska Finlands folkting: Finlandssvenskarna 2005 – en statistik rapport" (PDF). folktinget.fi (in Swedish). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 22 September 2007.
  16. ^ Holm, Carina (2 October 2010). "Fler finlandssvenskar". Åbo Underrättelser (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  17. ^ "Kysymykset: kuinka suuri osa suomenruotsalaisista on kaksikielisiä, siis niin että molemmat..." [what percentage of Finnish-Swedes are bilingual, meaning that both...]. Helsinki City Library (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 9 November 2013.


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