Swiss Federal Constitution

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Swiss Federal Constitution
Cover of the German version
Overview
Jurisdiction	Switzerland
Date effective	1 January 2000
System	Federal assembly-independent[1][2] directorial republic under a semi-direct democracy
Government structure
Branches	Three
Chambers	Two (upper: Council of States; lower: National Council)
Executive	Federal Council
Judiciary	Federal Supreme Court
Federalism	Yes
Supersedes	Federal Constitution of 1874

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The Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (SR 10; German: Bundesverfassung der Schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft (BV); French: Constitution fédérale de la Confédération suisse (Cst.); Italian: Costituzione federale della Confederazione Svizzera (Cost.); Romansh: Constituziun federala da la Confederaziun svizra^ⓘ)^[3] of 18 April 1999 (SR 101)^[4] is the third and current federal constitution of Switzerland.

It establishes the Swiss Confederation as a federal republic of 26 cantons (states). The document contains a catalogue of individual and popular rights (including the right to call for popular referendums on federal laws and constitutional amendments), delineates the responsibilities of the cantons and the Confederation and establishes the federal authorities of government.

The Constitution was adopted by a referendum on 18 April 1999, in which a majority of the people and the cantons voted in favour. It replaced the prior federal constitution of 1874, which it was intended to bring up to date without changing its substance.