Back Texas Instruments TMS9900 German Texas Instruments TMS9900 Spanish Texas Instruments TMS9900 Hungarian Texas Instruments TMS9900 Italian TMS9900 Japanese TMS9900 Portuguese Texas Instruments TMS9900 Russian
| Designer | Texas Instruments |
|---|---|
| Bits | 16-bit |
| Introduced | 1976 |
| Design | CISC |
| Endianness | Big |
| Registers | |
| PC, WP, ST | |
| General-purpose | 2 internally located in processor (WP, ST) 16 × 16-bit workspace located in external RAM |
The TMS9900 was one of the first commercially available, single-chip 16-bit microprocessors.[a] Introduced in June 1976, it implemented Texas Instruments' TI-990 minicomputer architecture in a single-chip format, and was initially used for low-end models of that lineup.
Its 64-pin DIP format made it more expensive to implement in smaller machines than the more common 40-pin format, and it saw relatively few design wins outside TI's own use. Among those uses was their TI-99/4 and TI-99/4A home computers, which ultimately sold about 2.8 million units.
Microcomputer-on-chip implementations of the 9900 in 40-pin packages included the TMS9940, TMS9980/81, and TMS9995.
The SBP9900 was a ruggedized version.[1]
The last generation was the 99000 series, created to be the CPU of the 990/10A in 1981. The TMS99105 and 110 were sold as catalog parts. [2]
By the mid-1980s the microcomputer field was moving to 16-bit systems like the Intel 8086 and newer 16/32-bit designs like the Motorola 68000. With no obvious future for the chip, TI's Semiconductor division turned its attention to special-purpose 32-bit processors: the Texas Instruments TMS320, introduced in 1983, and the Texas Instruments TMS340 graphics processor.
The 9900 architecture lived on into the 1990s as the Communications Processor in TI's TMS380 chipset for Token Ring (later Ethernet).[3]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ 9900 Family Systems Design and Data Book (PDF). Texas Instruments. 1978. p. 2-3. ISBN 0-89512-026-7. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ TMS380 Adapter Chipset User's Guide. Texas Instruments. July 1986. pp. A-1–A-22. Retrieved 21 November 2024.