Back عمليات توكلنا على الله Arabic های توکلنا علی‌الله عملیاتلاری AZB Operaciones Tawakalna ala Alá Spanish عملیات‌های توکلنا علی‌الله Persian Opération Nous nous en remettons à Dieu French Operazioni ala Allah Tawakalna Italian

Tawakalna ala Allah Operations

Tawakalna ala Allah Operations
Part of Iran–Iraq War

Iranian soldiers captured during the Iraqi 1988 offensives
Date17 April – July 1988
Location
Around the Iran–Iraq border
Result

Decisive Iraqi victory

  • Complete elimination of Iranian forces in Iraq (liberating 4,400sq.km)[1][2][3]
  • Renewed Iraqi invasion of Iran, resulting in the capture of dozens of towns (occupying 9,600sq.km)[2][4]
  • Iran's submission to a United Nations resolution regarding a ceasefire with Iraq, ultimately leading to the end of the Iran–Iraq War.[5][6]
Territorial
changes		 Iraqi forces regain control over all Iraqi territory previously held by Iranian forces, and launch a series of offensives into Iran leading to the capture of dozens of cities and towns along the border
Belligerents
Iraq Iraq  Iran
Commanders and leaders
Iraq Saddam Hussein
Iraq Gen. al-Rashid[a]
Iraq Lt. Gen. al-Rawi [b]
Iraq Mj. Gen. Mahmoud[c]		 Iran Ruhollah Khomeini
Iran Akbar Rafsanjani
Iran Mohsen Rezaee
Iran Colonel Ali Shahbazi
Units involved
Republican Guard
7th Corps
4th Corps
3rd Corps
Special Forces
16th and 3rd brigades [11]		 Revolutionary Guard
Basij
Regular Army
Strength
100,000–135,000 soldiers in action[12]
1,500,000 total soldiers
5,500 tanks
900 aircraft		 60,000–100,000 soldiers in action[12]
300,000 total soldiers
400 tanks
55 operational aircraft
Casualties and losses
5,000 casualties[9] 28,000 casualties[13]
20,000 captured[14]
90 tanks destroyed[9]
600 tanks, 400 AFVs, 20 SSMs, 400 various AA guns captured[15]

Operation Tawakalna ala Allah (Arabic: عمليات توكلنا على الله, romanized: tawakkalnā ‘alā llāh, Operations “We Put Trust In God") were a series of five highly successful Iraqi offensives launched in April 1988 and lasting until July 1988.[d] Iraq had originally only intended to retake the al-Faw peninsula it had lost to Iran, but following the battles' extraordinary success due to the complete collapse of the Iranian troops present, the Iraqi command decided to expand the battle into a larger offensive campaign, ultimately leading to the expulsion of all Iranian forces present within Iraq and subsequent renewed invasion of Iran.

  1. ^ Farrokh, Kaveh (20 December 2011). Iran at War: 1500–1988. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78096-221-4.
  2. ^ a b "The Combination of Iraqi offensives and Western intervention force Iran to accept a cease-fire: September 1987 to March 1989" (PDF). The Lessons of Modern War – Volume II: Iran–Iraq War. Center for Strategic and International Studies. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  3. ^ Dodds, Joanna; Wilson, Ben (6 June 2009). "The Iran–Iraq War: Unattainable Objectives". Middle East Review of International Affairs. 13 (2). Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  4. ^ Tarock, Adam (1998). The Superpower's Involvement in the Iran Iraq War. Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1560725930.
  5. ^ Segal, David (19 October 2021). "The Iran-Iraq War: A Military Analysis".
  6. ^ Malovany, Pesach (21 July 2017). Wars of Modern Babylon: A History of the Iraqi Army from 1921 to 2003. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813169453.
  7. ^ Pelletiere, Stephen C (1990). Lessons Learned: Iran-Iraq War. p. 41. Archived from the original on 2020-03-23. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
  8. ^ Woods, Kevin M. (2009). Saddam's War: An Iraqi Military Perspective of the Iran-Iraq War (PDF). p. 80. ISSN 1071-7552. [permanent dead link‍]
  9. ^ a b c Woods, Kevin M. (2011). Saddam's Generals: Perspectives of the Iran-Iraq War (PDF). p. 83. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-03.
  10. ^ Woods, Kevin M. (2009). Saddam's War: An Iraqi Military Perspective of the Iran-Iraq War (PDF). p. 89. ISSN 1071-7552. [permanent dead link‍]
  11. ^ "Saddam's War" (PDF). ndupress.ndu.edu.
  12. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference csis10 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ "The combination of Iraqi offensives and Western intervention force Iran to accept a cease-fire: September 1987 to march 1989" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-06-07.
  14. ^ </ "فروغ جاویدان مجاهدین از منظری دیگر". YouTube. 27 July 2016.
  15. ^ Clodfelter, Micheal (9 May 2017). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015, 4th ed. McFarland. ISBN 9780786474707.


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