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The Temptations | |
|---|---|
.jpg) The "Classic 5" lineup of the Temptations in 1967 Clockwise from top: David Ruffin, Melvin Franklin, Otis Williams, Eddie Kendricks and Paul Williams | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | The Elgins, The Pirates |
| Origin | Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Genres | |
| Years active | 1960–present |
| Labels | |
| Members | Otis Williams Ron Tyson Terry Weeks Tony Grant Jawan M. Jackson |
| Past members | Melvin Franklin Eddie Kendricks Paul Williams Elbridge "Al" Bryant David Ruffin Dennis Edwards Ricky Owens Richard Street Damon Harris Glenn Leonard Louis Price Ali-Ollie Woodson Theo Peoples Ray Davis Harry McGilberry Barrington "Bo" Henderson G. C. Cameron Joe Herndon Bruce Williamson Larry Braggs Willie Greene Mario Corbino |
| Website | www |
The Temptations is an American vocal group formed in Detroit, Michigan in 1960 as the Elgins, known for their string of successful singles and albums with Motown from the 1960s to the mid-1970s. The group's work with producer Norman Whitfield, beginning with the Top 10 hit single "Cloud Nine" in October 1968, pioneered psychedelic soul, and was significant in the evolution of R&B and soul music.[2] The group members were known for their choreography, distinct harmonies, and dress style. Having sold tens of millions of albums, the Temptations are among the most successful groups in popular music.[3][4][5]
Featuring five male vocalists and dancers (save for brief periods with fewer or more members), the group's founding members came from two rival Detroit vocal groups: Otis Williams, Elbridge "Al" Bryant, and Melvin Franklin of Otis Williams & the Distants, and Eddie Kendricks and Paul Williams of the Primes. In 1964, Bryant was replaced by David Ruffin, who was the lead vocalist on a number of the group's biggest hits, including "My Girl" (1964), "Ain't Too Proud to Beg" (1966), and "I Wish It Would Rain" (1967).[6] Ruffin was replaced in 1968 by Dennis Edwards, with whom the group continued to record hit records such as "Cloud Nine" (1968), "I Can't Get Next to You" (1969), and "Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)" (1970). Kendricks and Paul Williams both left the group in 1971, with subsequent members including Richard Street, Damon Harris, Glenn Leonard, Ron Tyson, and Ali-Ollie Woodson, the last of whom was the lead singer on late-period hit "Treat Her Like a Lady" in 1984 and the theme song for the children's movement program Kids in Motion in 1987.
Over the course of their career, the Temptations released four Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles and fourteen R&B number-one singles. The group was the first Motown act to win a Grammy Award – for "Cloud Nine" in 1969[7] – and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, received in 2013.[8] They won four Grammy Awards in total. The Temptations – specifically Edwards, Franklin, Kendricks, Ruffin, Otis Williams and Paul Williams – were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1989. Three Temptations songs, "My Girl", "Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)" (1971), and "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" (1972), are included among the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. The Temptations were ranked No. 68 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time" in 2010. In 2023, the group were ranked No. 1 by Billboard magazine on its list of the on the "100 Greatest R&B/Hip-Hop Artists Of All Time".[9]
As of 2024[update], the Temptations continue to perform with Otis Williams in the lineup, who is the group's last surviving member. Williams owns the rights to the Temptations name.
- ^ All Music Guide to Soul: The Definitive Guide to R&B and Soul 2003. Backbeat Books. 2003. p. 566. ISBN 9780879307448.
progressive soul of The Temptations
- ^ Graff, Gary (August 29, 1988). "The Temptations: Otis tells the group's tale", Detroit Free Press. Online version available from Internet Archive at [1]
- ^ (2005). "The Temptations Archived 2005-03-20 at the Wayback Machine". Memorabletv.com. Retrieved November 5, 2005.
- ^ (2003). "The Temptations Archived 2005-03-05 at the Wayback Machine". ClassicMotown.com. Retrieved November 5, 2005.
- ^ (2005) Ankeny, Jason. "The Temptations". AllMusic. Retrieved November 5, 2005.
- ^ Ribowsky, Mark (2010). Ain't Too Proud to Beg: The Troubled Lives and Enduring Soul of the Temptations, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 85–95, ISBN 978-0-470-26117-0.
- ^ Ribowsky (2010), p. 197.
- ^ "Five Things To Know: The Temptations and The Four Tops – Hanover Theatre and Conservatory". thehanovertheatre.org. October 23, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
- ^ "Greatest of All Time Top R&B/Hip-Hop Artists". Billboard.