Back برنامج الاثنتي عشرة خطوة Arabic Programa de dotze passos Catalan Dvanáctikrokové programy Czech Zwölf-Schritte-Programm German 12-paŝa programo Esperanto Programa de doce pasos Spanish دوازده قدم Persian תוכנית שנים עשר הצעדים HE Programma de dece-duo passos Interlingua 12-pazala programo IO
Twelve-step programs are international mutual aid programs supporting recovery from substance addictions, behavioral addictions and compulsions. Developed in the 1930s, the first twelve-step program, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), founded by Bill Wilson and Bob Smith, aided its membership to overcome alcoholism.[1] Since that time dozens of other organizations have been derived from AA's approach to address problems as varied as drug addiction, compulsive gambling, sex, and overeating. All twelve-step programs utilize a version of AA's suggested twelve steps first published in the 1939 book Alcoholics Anonymous: The Story of How More Than One Hundred Men Have Recovered from Alcoholism.[2]
As summarized by the American Psychological Association (APA), the process involves the following:[1]
- admitting that one cannot control one's alcoholism, addiction, or compulsion;
- coming to believe in a Higher Power that can give strength;
- examining past errors with the help of a sponsor (experienced member);
- making amends for these errors;
- learning to live a new life with a new code of behavior;
- helping others who suffer from the same alcoholism, addictions, or compulsions.
- ^ a b VandenBos, Gary R. (2007). APA dictionary of psychology (1st ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1-59147-380-0. OCLC 65407150.
- ^ Bill W. (June 2001). Alcoholics Anonymous (4th ed.). Alcoholics Anonymous World Services. ISBN 978-1-893007-16-1. OCLC 32014950.