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Universal basic services (UBS) is an idea[1] of a form of social security in which all citizens or residents of a community, region, or country receive unconditional access to a range of free, basic, public services, funded by taxpayers and provided by a government or public institution.[2] The basic services commonly include:[3]
- education
- health care
- social housing
- essential food
- buses and trains
- basic internet
- legal aid and representation
Further services, where there are low or zero marginal costs for adding further users are:
- electricity and heating
- basic water and sanitation
- retail banking
- public broadcast media
- ^ Coote, Kasliwal & Percy 2019, p. 4.
- ^ Gough, Ian (2020). "The Case for Universal Basic Services". LSE Public Policy Review. 1 (2). doi:10.31389/lseppr.12.
- ^ Moore, Portes et al (2016)