Back كرمة صيفية Arabic كرمه صيفيه ARZ Vitis aestivalis Azerbaijani Vitis aestivalis CEB Vitis aestivalis German Vitis aestivalis Spanish Vitis aestivalis French Vitis aestivalis Italian Vitis aestivalis Latin Vitis aestivalis Dutch
| Pigeon grape | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Vitales |
| Family: | Vitaceae |
| Genus: | Vitis |
| Species: | V. aestivalis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Vitis aestivalis | |
Vitis aestivalis, the summer grape,[1] or pigeon grape[2] is a species of grape native to eastern North America from southern Ontario east to Maine, west to Oklahoma, and south to Florida and Texas.[3][4] It is a vigorous vine, growing to 10 m or more high in trees. The leaves are 7–20 cm long, suborbicular, and usually a little broader than long; they are variable in shape, from unlobed to deeply three- or five-lobed, green above, and densely hairy below. The flowers are produced at every 3rd node[2] in a dense panicle 5–15 cm long. The fruit is a small grape 5–14 mm diameter, dark purple or black in colour.[5] It is the official state grape of Missouri.[6] Summer grape prefers a drier upland habitat.[2]
- V. a. var. aestivalis
- V. a. var. bicolor Deam (syn. var. argentifolia Fernald; Silverleaf Grape), formerly called Vitis bicolor, but now considered a northern variation of Vitis aestivalis, native range is in the Northeastern United States and parts of Southern Ontario
- V. a. var. lincecumii (Buckley) Munson
- V. a. var. bourquiniana L.H. Bailey, native to the south, sometimes called Vitis bourquiniana, has tomentose undersides to the leaves
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Vitis aestivalis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
- ^ a b c Rhoads, Block (5 September 2007). The Plants of Pennsylvania (2 ed.). University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4003-0.
- ^ a b "Vitis aestivalis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
- ^ Oklahoma University: Vitis aestivalis
- ^ http://www.moga.mo.gov/statutes/chapters/chap010.htm [dead link]