Back Weiße Armee ALS الجيش الأبيض (روسيا) Arabic Ağ qvardiya (Rusiya) Azerbaijani Белая армія BE-X-OLD Бяла гвардия Bulgarian Exèrcit Blanc Catalan Bělogvardějci Czech Hvide hær Danish Weiße Armee German Blanka Armeo Esperanto
| White Army | |
|---|---|
| Бѣлая армія[a] Белая армия | |
.png) Coat of arms of the Russian State | |
| Active | 1917–1922 |
| Country |  Russian State, South Russia |
| Size | Overall: ~1,023,000 (May 1919) In combat units: ~4,000 (December 1917) ~683,000[1] (June 1919) ~300,000[2] (December 1919) ~100,000 (Summer 1920) ~8,000 (September 1922) ~1,000 (1923) |
| Garrison/HQ | Former Russian Empire.svg){kind=small} Outer Mongolia (1920–21).svg){kind=small} China.svg){kind=small} Persia |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Lavr Kornilov, Alexander Kolchak, Anton Denikin, Pyotr Wrangel, Nikolai Yudenich, Mikhail Drozdovsky, Mikhail Diterikhs, Anatoly Pepelyayev, Vladimir Kantakuzen |
| Insignia | |
| Identification symbol |     |
The White Army (Russian: Бѣлая армія[b]/Белая армия, romanized: Belaya armiya) or White Guard (Бѣлая гвардія/Белая гвардия, Belaya gvardiya),[3] also referred to as the Whites[4] or White Guardsmen (бѣлогвардейцы/белогвардейцы, belogvardeytsi), was a common collective name for the armed formations of the White movement and anti-Bolshevik governments during the Russian Civil War.[5] They fought against the Red Army of Soviet Russia.[4]
When it was created, the structure of the Russian Army of the Provisional Government period was used, while almost every individual formation had its own characteristics. The military art of the White Army was based on the experience of the First World War, which, however, left a strong imprint on the specifics of the Russian Civil War.[6]
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
- ^ Red Army Intelligence Assessment
- ^ "Kolchak's Army – "Encyclopedia"". Archived from the original on 6 April 2017. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
- ^ The White Guard Archived 25 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine // "Banquet Campaign" of 1904 – Big Irgiz – Moscow: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2005 – Page 190 – (The Great Russian Encyclopedia: in 35 Volumes / Editor-in-Chief Yury Osipov; 2004–2017, Volume 3) – ISBN 5-85270-331-1
- ^ a b "The White armies". Alpha History. 15 August 2019. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2021.
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopedia 2005, p. 268.
- ^ Military Encyclopedic Dictionary / Editorial Board: Alexander Gorkin, Vladimir Zolotarev et al. – Moscow: Great Russian Encyclopedia, RIPOL Classic, 2002 – 1664 Pages