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Windows Subsystem for Linux

Windows Subsystem for Linux
Other namesWSL
Developer(s)Microsoft
Initial release2 August 2016 (2016-08-02)
Stable release
2.3.26 / 10 November 2024 (2024-11-10)[1]
Repositorygithub.com/microsoft/WSL2-Linux-Kernel
Operating systemWindows 10, Windows 10 LTSB/LTSC, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2019, Windows 11, Windows Server 2022, Windows Server 2025
PredecessorWindows Services for UNIX
TypeCompatibility layer, virtualization
LicenseSubsystem: Proprietary commercial software;
Linux kernel: GNU GPLv2 (only) with some code under compatible GPL variants or under permissive licenses like BSD, MIT
Websitelearn.microsoft.com/windows/wsl

Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) is a feature of Microsoft Windows that allows for using a Linux environment without the need for a separate virtual machine or dual booting. WSL is installed by default in Windows 11.[2] In Windows 10, it can be installed either by joining the Windows Insider program or manually via Microsoft Store or Winget.[3]

The original version, WSL 1, differs significantly from the second major version, WSL 2. WSL 1 (released August 2, 2016), acted as a compatibility layer for running Linux binary executables (in ELF format) by implementing Linux system calls in the Windows kernel.[4] WSL 2 (announced May 2019[5]), introduced a real Linux kernel – a managed virtual machine (via Hyper-V technology) that implements the full Linux kernel. As a result, WSL 2 is compatible with more Linux binaries as not all system calls were implemented in WSL 1.[6]

Microsoft offers WSL for a variety of reasons. Microsoft envisions WSL as "a tool for developers – especially web developers and those who work on or with open source projects".[7] Microsoft also claims that "WSL requires fewer resources (CPU, memory, and storage) than a full virtual machine" (a common alternative for using Linux in Windows), while also allowing the use of both Windows and Linux tools on the same set of files.[7]

  1. ^ "Release 2.3.26 · microsoft/WSL". GitHub. 10 November 2024. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  2. ^ June 2021, Darren Allan 23 (23 June 2021). "Windows 11 could seamlessly run graphical Linux apps". TechRadar. Retrieved 29 June 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ pokhrel, bishal (27 December 2023). "Install WSL on Windows 10 or 11". Droid Crafts.
  4. ^ Leeks, Stuart (2020). Windows Subsystem for Linux 2 (WSL 2) Tips, Tricks, and Techniques: Maximise Productivity of Your Windows 10 Development Machine with Custom Workflows and Configurations. Birmingham: Packt Publishing. pp. 18–19. ISBN 978-1-80056-352-0. OCLC 1202451000.
  5. ^ Craig Loewen (6 May 2019). "Announcing WSL 2". Windows Command Line Tools For Developers.
  6. ^ mscraigloewen. "About WSL 2". docs.microsoft.com.
  7. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference ms-faq was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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