Zhang Xueliang

Zhang Xueliang
張學良
Zhang in 1928
Warlord of Manchuria
In office June 4 – December 29, 1928
Preceded by	Zhang Zuolin
Succeeded by	Office abolished
Personal details
Born	(1901-06-03)June 3, 1901 Tai'an County, Fengtian, Qing Empire
Died	October 15, 2001(2001-10-15) (aged 100) Honolulu County, Hawaii, U.S.
Resting place	Valley of the Temples Memorial Park, Honolulu County, Hawaii
Nationality	Chinese
Spouses	Yu Fengzhi[note 1] ​ ​ (m. 1916; div. 1964)​ Gu Ruiyu ​ ​ (m. 1924; div. 1931)​ Zhao Yidi[note 2] ​ ​ (m. 1964; died 2000)​
Children	5
Parent	Zhang Zuolin (father)
Relatives	Zhang Xueming (brother)
Awards	Order of Rank and Merit Order of Wen-Hu Order of Blue Sky and White Sun
Nickname(s)	Young Marshal (Chinese: 少帥; pinyin: shàoshuài)
Military service
Allegiance	Fengtian Clique (until 1928)  Nationalist China (1928–1937)
Branch/service	Fengtian Army  National Revolutionary Army
Rank	General of the Army[citation needed]
Commands	Northeast Peace Preservation Forces
Battles/wars	Sino-Soviet conflict Central Plains War Mukden Incident Battle of Rehe Xi'an Incident

Zhang Xueliang^{[note 3]} (Chinese: 張學良; June 3, 1901^{[note 4]} – October 15, 2001) was a Chinese general who in 1928 succeeded his father Zhang Zuolin as the commander of the Northeastern Army. He is best known for his role in the Xi'an Incident in 1936, in which he arrested Chiang Kai-shek and forced him to form a Second United Front with the Chinese Communist Party against the Japanese.

In 1928, Zhang, at the time a general in the Northeastern Army, became the commander of the army and leader of the Fengtian clique upon his father's assassination. A reformer sympathetic to nationalist ideas, he completed the official reunification of China by pledging loyalty to the Nationalist government, and used his powerful base to wield significant influence in the politics of the Nanjing decade. Zhang followed Chiang's policy of nonresistance to the Japanese invasions of Manchuria in 1931 and Rehe in 1933, after which he was forced to resign as head of the Northeastern Army. In 1935, Zhang was again appointed its commander to suppress the Communists, but became disillusioned with Chiang's policy of "stabilizing China before resisting Japan", and helped to plan the Xi'an Incident. Following the incident, Chiang had Zhang arrested for insubordination and sentenced to house arrest, first in mainland China and then in Taiwan. Zhang would remain under confinement until 1988, a period of more than 50 years.
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