Jamus

Jamus
Bundesrepublik Deutschland (de) Deutschland (de)
Tutar Jamus Kan sarki ta Jamus
Take	national anthem of Germany (en)
Kirari	«Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit»
Suna saboda	Germania, Alamanni (en) , Saxons (en) , Prussia (en) , theodisk (en) , foreigner (en) da muteness (en)
Wuri
51°N 10°E / 51°N 10°E / 51; 10
Babban birni	Berlin
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	84,358,845 (2022)
• Yawan mutane	235.91 mazaunan/km²
Harshen gwamnati	Jamusanci
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	Turai da Tsakiyar Turai
Yawan fili	357,587.77 km²
• Ruwa	2.3 %
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Tekun Baltic da North Sea (en)
Wuri mafi tsayi	Zugspitze (en) (2,962 m)
Wuri mafi ƙasa	Neuendorf-Sachsenbande (en) (−3.54 m)
Sun raba iyaka da	Denmark Poland Switzerland Faransa Luksamburg Beljik Holand Austriya Kazech (1 ga Janairu, 1993)
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi	Jamus ta Yamma, German Democratic Republic (en) , German Reich (en) , Trizone (en) da German Reich (en)
Ƙirƙira	1 ga Yuli, 1867:  (North German Confederation (en) ) 1 ga Janairu, 1871:  (German Empire (en) ) 1918:  (Weimar Republic (en) ) 1933:  (Nazi Germany (en) ) 23 Mayu 1949:  (Jamus ta Yamma)
Muhimman sha'ani	Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (en) Occupation statute (en) Saarland (en) Treaties of Rome (en) Élysée Treaty (en) Berlin Wall (en) Basic Treaty (en) Economic, Monetary and Social Union (en) Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany (en) 1972 Summer Olympics (en) German reunification (en) Yugoslav Wars War in Afghanistan (en)
Ranakun huta	New Year's Day (en) (January 1 (en) ) Good Friday (en) (Easter − 2 days (en) ) Easter Monday (en) (Easter + 1 day (en) ) International Workers' Day (en) (May 1 (en) ) Feast of the Ascension (en) (Easter + 39 days (en) ) Whit Monday (en) (Easter + 50 days (en) ) German Unity Day (en) (October 3 (en) ) Christmas Day (en) (December 25 (en) ) Second Day of Christmas (en) (December 26 (en) )
Patron saint (en)	Michael (en)
Tsarin Siyasa
Tsarin gwamnati	jamhuriya, tarayya, federal parliamentary republic (en) da parliamentary republic (en)
Majalisar zartarwa	federal level of Germany (en)
Gangar majalisa	Bundesrat (en)
• shugaba na Jamus	Frank-Walter Steinmeier (mul) (19 ga Maris, 2017)
• Federal Chancellor of Germany (en)	Olaf Scholz (8 Disamba 2021)
Majalisar shariar ƙoli	Federal Constitutional Court (en)
Ikonomi
Nominal GDP (en)	4,121,200,000,000 € (2023)
Budget (en)	476,290,763,000 € (2023)
Kuɗi	Euro (en)
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+01:00 UTC+02:00 (en)
Suna ta yanar gizo	.de (mul)
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	+49
Lambar taimakon gaggawa	*#06#, 110 da 116117 (en)
Lambar ƙasa	DE
NUTS code	DE
Wasu abun
Yanar gizo	deutschland.de

Wannan mukalar bata da Reference (Manazarta) ko daya, ka taimaka ta hanyar samar da Manazarta daga littafi ko yanar gizo, duba wannan shafin domin samun masaniya akan yanda zaka samar da Reference (Manazarta) a cikin wannan mukalar. .

jamus Neman tuna yadda rayuwa ta kasan ce a yankin, Jamus ta gabas, al'amari ne da kan kasan ce mai matuƙar sarƙaƙiya ga su kansu mazauna wannan yanki. Suma baki yan ci rani da suka saba zama a yankin na Jamus ta gabas, basa samun saukin bayanin irin halin da suka zauna karkashin sa a yankin. Daya daga cikin irin wadannan baki da suka zauna a Jamus ta gabas din har zuwa ranar tara ga watan Nuwamba na shekara ta alif 1989, shine Eric Singh. Haifaffen Afrika ta kudu, Singh ya tsera ne zuwa Jamus ta gabas daga Durban, domin ya kaura cewa gallazawa a ƙasar sa. ^[1] Daga Berlin, Bonn ta gabas, dan gwagwarmayar na kungiyar ANC yaci gaba da nuna adawar sa ga mulkin wariya, inda har ma ya riƙa samun goyon baya da taimakon kuɗi daga.hukumomin wannan yanki. Har ma bayan rushewar katangar ta Berlin, Eric Singh yaci gaba da zama a Berlin, inda a yanzu kuma yake tuna rayuwa a Jamus ta gabas da rushewar katangar Berlin. Shin ana iya cewa wannan hirar da manema labarai ya canza al'amuran duniya. Wannan dai tabbas haka yake, a bisa ra'ayin yan jarida da suka hallara, suka saurari jawabin Günter Schabowski, kakakin gwmanatin kwaminisanci ta Jamus ta gabas, ranar tara ga watan Nuwamba na shekara ta alif 1989 a Berlin ta gabas. A wannan rana, Schabowski ya sanar da matakan sassauta tafiye-tafiye zuwa kyetare ga yan Jamus ta gabas. Eric Singh ya halarci wannan taro na manema labarai, saboda daga can Berlin ta gabas ya rika aikawa mujallu dabam dabam sharhuna da rahotanni. Saboda haka ma Singh yace yayi imanin zai kasan e cikin wadanda suka shaidar da wani al'amari na tarihi. Yace:^[2]

"Na bi wannan taro na yan jarida a tsanake kuma naji tambayar da Ricardo Ehrmann daga Italiya yayi, inda ya tambaye shi shin wani lokaci ne za'a bude iyakokin na Jamus ta gabas? Shi kuma Schabowski ya amsa da cewa yau".

Jim kadan kuwa bayan wannan hira da yan jaridu, wanda ma gidan television na hukumar ta nuna kai tsaye, aka fara samun yan Jamus ta gabas da suka yi kasadar zuwa kan iyakokin da suka raba tsakanin Berlin ta gabas da Berlin ta yamma. Masu tsaron kan iyakokin, wadanda ma tururuwar jama'a ta nemi fin karfin su, suka kyale jama'a su tsallaka zuwa dayan bangaren, wanda har ya zuwa wannan lokaci aka haramtawa yan Jamus ta gabas shi. Nan da nan kuwa labarin haka ya watsu ko ina, inda jama'a suka rika cunkoso a wuraren kan iyaka a Berlin ta gabas, domin neman tsallkawa zuwa yamma da kuma samun yancin su. Ya zuwa tsadar dare aka bude dukkanin iyakokin, katangar Berlin ta zama sai labari. Shi kansa Eric Singh ya shaidar da wannan babban abu na tarihi ne a washegari, inda ya shiga jirgin kasa daga tashar Friedrichstrasse a Berlin ta gabas zuwa yankin Berlin ta yamma. Yace:

"Daga Friedrichstrasse na isa kan iyaka, inda na taras da dubban jama'a, musmaman matasa. Daga nan muka tsallaka kogin Spree zuwa Berlin ta yamma. Na kuma fahimci yadda dimbin jama'a sukai ta nuna bukatar su ta zuwa ga samun yanci, saboda ni kaina na kasa samun damar tserewa daga Afrika ta kudu lokacin da naso, saboda a matsayi na na dan gwagwarmaya adawa da wariya, bani da yancin fita zuwa ketare, saboda bani da paspo".^[3]

A yau, Eric Singh yana nuna matukar godiyar sa ga dukkanin taimako da goyon bayan da ya samu daga Jamus ta gabas kasar da a bana, shekaru ashirin kenan da bacewar ta. Yace duk da mummunan kasawar yankin a bangaren democradiya da kuma matakai masu tsanani kan yan adawa, amma Jamus ta gabas ta bada gudumuwa mai yawa a gwagwarmaya kan gwamnatin wariya ta Afrika ta kudu.

Yace: A nan ko da shike mutane basu da yancin tafiye-tafiye yadda suka so, amma sun karbi wannan hali cikin kwanciyar hankali. Na kan tattauna haka din da matata ta, wdada ita ma yar Jamus ta gabas ce. Takan ce a da can nayi rayuwa ce ba tare da hatsaniya ba, amma ba haka abin yake ba a yanzu. Bayan da aka rushewa kasar, ta rasa aikin ta a matsayin mai fassara saboda wai ta tsufa. Ba kuwa ita kadai ba, jama'a da dama sun shiga irin wannan hali.

Yanzu Eric Singh yana zaune cikin farin ciki da jin dadi da matar sa a Berlin. Dan jaridar da yayi ritaya har yanzu yana da alaka ta kurkusa tare da Afrika ta kudu, kasar da tun bayan kawo karshen mulkin wariya yake mallakar paspo din ta.

• DW-World: Shekaru 20 da rushewar katangar Berlin

1. ↑ "Repräsentation und Integration" (in German). Bundespräsidialamt. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
2. ↑ "The German Federal Government". deutschland.de. 23 January 2018. Archived from the original on 30 April 2020
3. ↑ Gesley, Jenny (26 September 2018). "The Protection of Minority and Regional Languages in Germany". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on 25 May 2020.