Tunisiya

Tunisiya
تونس (ar) Tunisia (ms) Tunisia (en) الجمهورية التونسية (ar) Republic of Tunisia (en) Republik Tunisia (ms)
Flag of Tunisia (en) Coat of arms of Tunisia (en)
Take	Humat Al Hima (en) (12 Nuwamba, 1987)
Kirari	«حرية، كرامة، عدالة، نظام» «Rhyddid, urddas, cyfiawnder, a threfn»
Suna saboda	Tunis
Wuri
34°N 10°E / 34°N 10°E / 34; 10
Babban birni	Tunis
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	11,565,204 (2018)
• Yawan mutane	70.69 mazaunan/km²
Harshen gwamnati	Larabci
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	Arewacin Afirka da European Union tax haven blacklist (en)
Yawan fili	163,610 km²
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Bahar Rum
Wuri mafi tsayi	Jebel ech Chambi (en) (1,544 m)
Wuri mafi ƙasa	Shatt al Gharsah (en) (−17 m)
Sun raba iyaka da	Libya Aljeriya
Bayanan tarihi
Mabiyi	French protectorate of Tunisia (en)
Ƙirƙira	20 ga Maris, 1956
Muhimman sha'ani	Tunisian independence (en)
Ranakun huta	International Workers' Day (en) (May 1 (en) ) New Year's Day (en) (January 1 (en) ) Sallar Idi Karama (1 Shawwal (en) ) Sallar Idi Babba (10 Dhu al-Hijjah (en) ) Islamic New Year (en) (1 Muharram (en) ) Maulidi (12 Rabi' al-awwal (en) ) National Women's Day (en) (August 13 (en) ) Evacuation Day (en) (October 15 (en) ) Events of 9 April 1938 (en) Tunisian revolution (en) Israi da Mi'raji (27 Rajab (en) )
Tsarin Siyasa
Tsarin gwamnati	parliamentary republic (en) da semi-presidential system (en)
Majalisar zartarwa	Government of Tunisia (en)
Gangar majalisa	Assembly of the Representatives of the People (en)
• President of Tunisia (en)	Kais Saied (en) (23 Oktoba 2019)
• Prime Minister of Tunisia (en)	Ahmed Hachani (en) (1 ga Augusta, 2023)
Ikonomi
Nominal GDP (en)	46,687,298,709 $ (2021)
Kuɗi	Dinar na Tunisiya
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC+01:00 Central European Time (en) UTC+02:00 (en) Africa/Tunis (en)
Suna ta yanar gizo	.tn (mul)
Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho	+216
Lambar taimakon gaggawa	190 (en) , 198 (en) , 193 (en) da 197 (en)
Lambar ƙasa	TN

Tunisiya ,(Larabci:تونت، Abzinanci ⵜⵓⵏⴻⵙ; Faransanci: Tunisie). ^[1]Jamhuriyar Tunisiya (Turanci Republic of Tunisia (Larabci : الجمهورية التونسية‎ al-Jumhūrīya at-Tūnisīya) kasa ce mai cin yancin gashin kanta a yankin arewacin Afrika, mai ,fadin kasa sukwaya mita dubu dari da sittin da biyar 165,000 (sukwaya mil dubu sittin da hudu 64,000).Tayi iyaka da kasar Libya daga kudu maso gabas, sai Aljeriya daga yamma da kudu maso gabas, sai kuma da kogin miditaraniya daga Arewa da kuma gabas. Yana fasalta wuraren binciken kayan tarihi na Carthage tun daga karni na tara 9 BC, da kuma Babban,Masallacin Kairouan. An san shi da tsohon gine-ginensa, souks, da bakin teku masu shuɗi, [Tunusia]] ta mamaye fili da yakai kilo mita dubu dari da sittin da ukku da dari shida da goma 163,610 km2 (63,170 sq mi), kuma yana da yawan jama'a miliyan goma sha biyu da digo daya 12.1. Ya ƙunshi ƙarshen tsaunin Atlas da arewacin hamadar Sahara; mafi yawan sauran yankinta ƙasar noma ce. Tsayinta ya kai na kilomita dubu daya da dari ukku 1,300 (dari takwas da goma 810 mi) na bakin teku ya haɗa da haɗin gwiwar Afirka na yamma da gabas na Basin Mediterranean.Tunisiya gida ce ga yankin arewacin Afirka, Cape Angela. Tana kan gabar tekun arewa maso gabas, Tunis shine babban birni kuma birni mafi girma a ƙasar. Sunan Tunisiya bayan Tunis.

Tun daga farkon zamanin da, ƴan asalin ƙasar Berber ne ke zaune a Tunisiya. Phoeniciyawa, jama'ar Yahudawa, sun fara isowa a karni na goma sha biyu 12 BC, suna zaune a bakin teku tare da kafa ƙauyuka da yawa, waɗanda Carthage ya kasance mafi ƙarfi a ƙarni na 7 BC. Zuriyar mazauna Phoenician sun zama sanannun mutanen Punic. Tsohuwar Carthage babbar daula ce ta 'yan kasuwa kuma abokin hamayyar soji ne ga Jamhuriyar Rum har zuwa dari da arba'in da shida 146 BC lokacin da Romawa suka mamaye Tunisiya tsawon shekaru 800 masu zuwa. Romawa sun gabatar da Kiristanci  kuma sun bar gadon gine-gine kamar Amphitheater na El Jem. A karni na bakwai 7 AD, Musulman Larabawa sun mamaye duk ƙasar Tunisiya (a ƙarshe sun yi nasara a cikin dari shida da casa'in da bakwai 697 bayan yunƙuri da yawa da suka fara a dari shida da arba'in da bakwai 647) kuma suka zauna tare da kabilunsu da iyalansu, suna kawo al'adun Islama da na Larabawa ga mazauna gida. Daga baya babban ƙaura Larabawa  na Banu Hilal da Banu Sulaym a cikin 11th-Karni na goma sha biyu 12 sun hanzarta wannan tsari. A kusan karni na goma sha biyar 15, yankin Tunisiya na zamani ya riga ya zama kusan Larabawa, wanda ya kafa Larabawa a matsayin mafi yawan al'umma. ^[2] Sannan, a cikin shekarar alif ɗari biyar da arba'in da shida 1546, Daular Usmaniyya ta kafa iko a wurin,tana da iko sama da shekaru har guda dari ukku 300, har zuwa shekarar alif ɗari takwas da tamanin da ɗaya 1881, lokacin da Faransa ta mamaye Tunisia. A cikin shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da hamsin da shida 1956, Tunisiya ta sami 'yencin kai  a matsayin Jamhuriyar Tunisiya a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Habib Bourguiba  tare da taimakon masu fafutuka irin su Chedly Kallala, Farhat Hached, da Salah Ben Youssef. A yau, al'adun Tunisiya da asalinsu sun samo asali ne daga wannan haɗin kai na tsawon ƙarni na al'adu da ƙabilanci.

A cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha ɗaya 2011, juyin juya halin Tunisiya, wanda ya samo asali daga rashin gamsuwa da rashin 'yanci da dimokuradiyya a karkashin mulkin shugaba Zine El Abidine Ben Ali na shekaru ashirin da hudu 24, ya tuntsure gwamnatinsa tare da haifar da babban yunkuri na Larabawa a fadin yankin. An gudanar da zaben 'yan majalisu na jam'iyyu da yawa kyauta jim kadan bayan haka; kasar ta sake zaben majalisar dokoki a ranar ashirin da shida 26 ga watan Oktoba na shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014,^[3] da kuma shugaban kasa a ranar ashirin da ukku 23 ga watan Nuwamba na shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha huɗu 2014.^[4] Daga shekarar alif dubu biyu da goma sha hudu 2014 zuwa shekarar alif dubu biyu da ashirin 2020, an dauke ta a matsayin kasa daya tilo ta dimokuradiyya a cikin kasashen Larabawa, bisa ga tsarin dimokuraɗiyya (The Economist). ^[5]Bayan koma bayan dimokuraɗiyya, ƙasar Tunisiya tana da tsarin mulkin gamayya. ^[6] Tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan ƙasashe a Afirka da ke da matsayi mafi girma a ƙimar ci gaban ɗan adam, tare da ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman yawan kuɗin shiga kowane mutum a nahiyar, wanda ke matsayi na dari da ashirin da tara 129 a GDP na kowane mutum.

Harshen gwamnati na Tunisiya  shine Larabci na Zamani. Mafi yawan al'ummar Tunisia Larabawa ne kuma musulmi. Larabci shine yare mafi yawa a ƙasar Tunisiya wanda ake magana da shi kuma Faransanci kuma yana aiki azaman yaren gudanarwa da ilimi a wasu mahallin, amma bashi da matsayi na hukuma.

Tunisiya ta shiga cikin kasashen duniya. Wani memba ne na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, [Internationaleale]] De La Francophonie, theabungiyar Larabawa, cikin Kotun Afirka, kotun da ba a daidaita da ba a hada da laifofin kasa da kasa ba, Rukuni na saba'in da bakwai 77,da sauransu. Tana kula da kusancin tattalin arziki da siyasa tare da wasu ƙasashen Turai, musamman da Faransa,^[7] da [✓Italiya]], ^[8][9] saboda kusancinsu na yanki. Ƙasar Tunisiya kuma tana da yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa tare da Tarayyar Turai kuma ta sami matsayin babbar ƙawancen da ba ta NATO ba ta Amurka.

1. ↑ Wells, John C. (2008), Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.), Longman, ISBN 9781405881180
2. ↑ Holes, Clive (2018-08-30). Arabic Historical Dialectology: Linguistic and Sociolinguistic Approaches (in Turanci). Oxford University Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-19-100506-0.
3. ↑ "Tunisie : les législatives fixées au 26 octobre et la présidentielle au 23 novembre" [Tunisia: legislative elections fixed for 26 October and presidential elections for 23 November]. Jeune Afrique (in Faransanci). 25 June 2014.
4. ↑ "Tunisia holds first post-revolution presidential poll". BBC News. 23 November 2014.
5. ↑ "Democracy Index 2021". The Economist. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
6. ↑ "Democracy Index 2021: The China challenge". Economist Intelligence Unit. pp. 6–7. Retrieved 2 March 2022.
7. ↑ "Tunisie – France-Diplomatie – Ministère des Affaires étrangères et du Développement international". Diplomatie.gouv.fr. Retrieved on 5 September 2015.
8. ↑ (in French) "Pourquoi l'Italie de Matteo Renzi se tourne vers la Tunisie avant l'Europe". JOL Journalism Online Press (28 February 2014). Archived 10 ga Augusta, 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 5 September 2015.
9. ↑ Ghanmi, Monia (12 September 2014). "La Tunisie renforce ses relations avec l'Italie" [Tunisia strengthens relations with Italy]. Magharebia (in Faransanci). Archived from the original on 14 September 2014.