Bal-balan

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Bal-balan iku dolanan bal kang dimainaké déning rong tim, lan saben tim dumadi saka 11 juru main. Lumebu ing abad 21, ulah raga iki wis dimainaké punjul 250 yuta wong ing 200 nagara, lan ndadèkaké ulah raga paling kondhang ing donya.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] Bal-balan iku tujuané nyithak gol sakakèh-akèhé kanthi nganggo bal saka kulit ing gawang mungsuh. Bal-balan dimainaké ing njero lapangan kang dhapuré pesagi dawa, ing dhuwur suket utawa suket sintètis.

Lumrahé kang tukang jaga gawang kang duwé hak démok bal nganggo tangan utawa lengen ing njero laladan gawangé, nanging 10 (sepuluh) juru main saliyané amung diidinaké nggunakaké kabèh awaké saliyané tangan, lumrahé nganggo sikil kanggo nendhang, dhadha kanggo ngontrol, lan sirah kanggo nyundhul bal. Tim kang nyithak gol luwih akèh ing akir iku dadi kang menang. Nanging angger nganti wektu entèk isih imbang, bisa dianakaké undhian, ndawakaké wektu utawa adu penalti, iku manut karo format kang gawé kejuwaran.^[5]

Aturan permainan/tetandhingan lumrahé dianyaraké saben taun déning indhuk organisasi bal-balan internasional (FIFA), kang uga nindakaké Piala Donya saben patang taun sapisan.^[6]

↑ "Overview of Soccer". Encyclopædia Britannica. Dibukak ing 4 Juni 2008.
↑ Guttman, Allen (1993). "The Diffusion of Sports and the Problem of Cultural Imperialism". Ing Eric Dunning, Joseph A. Maguire, Robert E. Pearton (èd.). The Sports Process: A Comparative and Developmental Approach. Champaign: Human Kinetics. kc. 129. ISBN 0-88011-624-2. Dibukak ing 26 Januari 2008. the game is complex enough not to be invented independently by many preliterate cultures and yet simple enough to become the world's most popular team sport{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
↑ Dunning, Eric (1999). "The development of soccer as a world game". Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation. London: Routledge. kc. 103. ISBN 0-415-06413-9. Dibukak ing 26 Januari 2008. During the twentieth century, soccer emerged as the world's most popular team sport
↑ Mueller, Frederick; Cantu, Robert; Van Camp, Steven (1996). "Team Sports". Catastrophic Injuries in High School and College Sports. Champaign: Human Kinetics. kc. 57. ISBN 0-87322-674-7. Dibukak ing 26 Januari 2008. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world and is an industry worth over US$400 billion world wide. 80% of this is generated in Europe, though its popularity is growing in the United States. It has been estimated that there were 22 million soccer players in the world in the early 1980s, and that number is increasing. In the United States soccer is now a major sport at both the high school and college levels
↑ Sports-information.org Soccer. Diaksès tanggal 9 Agustus 2011.
↑ "2002 FIFA World Cup TV Coverage". FIFA. 5 Dhésèmber 2006. Diarsip saka asliné ing 2006-12-30. Dibukak ing 6 Januari 2008.

[EB-1] "Overview of Soccer". Encyclopædia Britannica. Dibukak ing 4 Juni 2008.

[2] Guttman, Allen (1993). "The Diffusion of Sports and the Problem of Cultural Imperialism". Ing Eric Dunning, Joseph A. Maguire, Robert E. Pearton (èd.). The Sports Process: A Comparative and Developmental Approach. Champaign: Human Kinetics. kc. 129. ISBN 0-88011-624-2. Dibukak ing 26 Januari 2008. the game is complex enough not to be invented independently by many preliterate cultures and yet simple enough to become the world's most popular team sport{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)

[3] Dunning, Eric (1999). "The development of soccer as a world game". Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation. London: Routledge. kc. 103. ISBN 0-415-06413-9. Dibukak ing 26 Januari 2008. During the twentieth century, soccer emerged as the world's most popular team sport

[4] Mueller, Frederick; Cantu, Robert; Van Camp, Steven (1996). "Team Sports". Catastrophic Injuries in High School and College Sports. Champaign: Human Kinetics. kc. 57. ISBN 0-87322-674-7. Dibukak ing 26 Januari 2008. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world and is an industry worth over US$400 billion world wide. 80% of this is generated in Europe, though its popularity is growing in the United States. It has been estimated that there were 22 million soccer players in the world in the early 1980s, and that number is increasing. In the United States soccer is now a major sport at both the high school and college levels

[in-5] Sports-information.org Soccer. Diaksès tanggal 9 Agustus 2011.

[6] "2002 FIFA World Cup TV Coverage". FIFA. 5 Dhésèmber 2006. Diarsip saka asliné ing 2006-12-30. Dibukak ing 6 Januari 2008.

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