Sebanyak kira-kira 12 ke 12.8 juta orang Afrika diangkut merentasi lautan Atlantik selama 400 tahun[8][9]:194 tidak termasuk 1.2–2.4 juta hamba belian yang mati dalam perjalanan dan dikurung sebaik mendarat di Caribbean serta banyak lagi yang mati di benua Afrika akibat peperangan diserang penjual hamba abdi serta cubaan melarikan diri.[10][11][12][13]
^Henry Louis Gates Jr. (April 22, 2010). "Opinion – How to End the Slavery Blame-Game". The New York Times. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada April 26, 2010. Dicapai pada March 22, 2022. The historians John Thornton and Linda Heywood of Boston University estimate that 90 percent of those shipped to the New World were enslaved by Africans and then sold to European traders.CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^Ronald Segal, The Black Diaspora: Five Centuries of the Black Experience Outside Africa (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1995), ISBN0-374-11396-3, p. 4. "It is now estimated that 11,863,000 slaves were shipped across the Atlantic." (Note in original: Paul E. Lovejoy, "The Impact of the Atlantic Slave Trade on Africa: A Review of the Literature", in Journal of African History 30 (1989), p. 368.)
^Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Martin
^Patrick Manning, "The Slave Trade: The Formal Demographics of a Global System" in Joseph E. Inikori and Stanley L. Engerman (eds), The Atlantic Slave Trade: Effects on Economies, Societies and Peoples in Africa, the Americas, and Europe (Duke University Press, 1992), pp. 117–44, online at pp. 119–120.
^Stannard, David. American Holocaust. Oxford University Press, 1993.
^Eltis, David and Richardson, David, "The Numbers Game". In: Northrup, David: The Atlantic Slave Trade, 2nd ed., Houghton Mifflin Co., 2002, p. 95.