Back ब्रिटिश राज ANP الراج البريطاني Arabic الراج البريطانى ARZ ব্ৰিটিছ ৰাজ Assamese Raj británicu AST Müstəmləkə Hindistanı Azerbaijani بریتانیا هیندوستانی AZB Британия Һиндостаны Bashkir Брытанская Індыя Byelorussian Брытанская Індыя BE-X-OLD
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 East Indiaman Repulse (1820) | |
| Penjajahan di India | |
|---|---|
| Portugal di India | 1510–1961 |
| Belanda di India | 1605–1825 |
| Denmark di India | 1620–1869 |
| Perancis di India | 1759–1954 |
| British India 1613–1947 | |
| Syarikat India Timur | 1612–1757 |
| Pemerintahan syarikat di India | 1757–1857 |
| British Raj | 1858–1947 |
| Pemerintahan British di Burma | 1824–1867 |
| Negeri beraja | 1765–1947 |
| Pembahagian India | |
Raj British (rāj dalam Hindustan: राज, Urdu: راج, disebut: /rɑːdʒ/, harfiahnya "raja"[1]) ialah satu nama yang diberikan bagi tempoh pemerintahan penjajah British di Asia Selatan di antara tahun 1858 hingga 1947;[2] ia juga boleh merujuk kepada pemerintahan itu sendiri dan juga rantau di bawah pemerintahan.[3] Rantau itu, biasanya dipanggil India dalam penggunaan kontemporari, termasuk kawasan-kawasan yang ditadbir terus oleh Britain,[4] serta negeri bangsawan yang diperintah oleh raja-raja individu di bawah keagungan Mahkota British. Selepas tahun 1876, kesatuan politik yang terhasil secara rasmi dipanggil Empayar India dan mengeluarkan pasport di bawah nama itu. Sebagai India, ia adalah ahli pengasas Liga Bangsa, Pertubuhan Bangsa Bersatu, dan ahli dalam Sukan Olimpik Musim Panas pada 1900, 1920, 1928, 1932, dan 1936.
Sistem pentadbiran bergabenor telah dimulakan pada tahun 1858 apabila pemerintahan Syarikat Hindia Timur British dipindahkan kepada kemahkotaan Ratu Victoria (dan kemudian pada tahun 1877 diistiharkan sebagai Maharani India). Ia berlangsung sehingga tahun 1947, apabila Empayar India British telah dipecahkan menjadi dua buah negara berdaulat: Kesatuan India (kemudian Republik India) dan Penguasaan Pakistan (kemudian Republik Islam Pakistan, separuh bahagian timur, yang mana kemudian menjadi Republik Rakyat Bangladesh). Wilayah Burma di kawasan timur di Empayar India dijadikan jajahan berasingan pada tahun 1937 dan mendapat kemerdekaan pada tahun 1948.
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, 1989: from Skr. rāj: to reign, rule; cognate with L. rēx, rēg-is, OIr. rī, rīg king (see RICH).
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, 1989. "b. spec. the British dominion or rule in the Indian sub-continent (before 1947). In full, British raj.
- ^ *Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, 1989. Examples: 1955 Times 25 Aug. 9/7 It was effective against the British raj in India, and the conclusion drawn here is that the British knew that they were wrong. 1969 R. MILLAR Kut xv. 288 Sir Stanley Maude had taken command in Mesopotamia, displacing the raj of antique Indian Army commanders. 1975 H. R. ISAACS in H. M. Patel et al. Say not the Struggle Nought Availeth 251 The post-independence régime in all its incarnations since the passing of the British Raj. For the latter usage, see: Google Scholar references: ("British Raj" in the primary sense of "British India," i.e. "regions of India under British rule") 1. "The important case of Islamic economics was a consciously constructed effort arising directly out of the anti-colonial struggle in the British Raj" 2 "... time" (1882: v). In keeping with the purpose of the Gazetteer (and indeed all such Gazetteers published for provinces in the British Raj), Atkinson's treatment ..." 3. "... Robert D’Arblay Gybbon-Monypenny, who had been born in the British Raj and educated at Sandhurst, afterwards seeing active service in the First World War ..." 4. "... In contrast, during the independence struggle in the British raj, the emphasis had always been on nationalism..." ("British Raj" in the second sense of "British India," i.e. "the British in India") 5. "Koch and the Europeans were entertained at clubs in the British Raj from which native Indians (called "wogs" for "worthy oriental gentleman") were excluded. ..." 6. "... prejudice and vindictiveness towards one's own race and, especially, toward someone of a different race who, as a servant in the British Raj, occupies a ..."
- ^ First the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland then, after 1927, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland