Rotan

Rotan (Jawi: ‏روتن‎code: ms is deprecated ‎) ialah nama untuk kira-kira 600 spesies pokok palma memanjat Dunia Lama kepunyaan cabang Calamoideae dari keluarga Arecaceae. Kepelbagaian terbesar spesies dan genus palma rotan adalah dalam hutan tropika dara berkanopi tertutup di Asia Tenggara, walaupun ia juga boleh ditemui di bahagian lain di Asia tropika dan Afrika.^[1]^[2] Kebanyakan pokok rotan secara ekologi dianggap sebagai liana kerana tabiat memanjatnya, tidak seperti spesies palma lain. Walaupun beberapa spesies juga mempunyai tabiat seperti pokok atau pokok renek.^[2]

Sekitar 20% spesies palma rotan ialah penting dari segi ekonomi dan digunakan secara tradisional di Asia Tenggara dalam menghasilkan perabot rotan, bakul, rotan, tikar anyaman, tali dan kraftangan lain. Rotan ialah salah satu hasil hutan bukan kayu yang paling berharga di dunia. Sesetengah spesies rotan juga mempunyai buah bersisik yang boleh dimakan dan jantung kelapa sawit. Walaupun percubaan semakin meningkat dalam tempoh 30 tahun terakhir dalam penanaman komersial, hampir semua produk rotan masih berasal dari tumbuhan yang dituai secara liar. Bekalan rotan kini terancam dengan cepat akibat penebangan hutan dan eksploitasi berlebihan.^[3]^[4] Tumbuhan ini banyak digiatkan penuaian dan perdagangan terutamanya di Melaka, Semenanjung Melayu dan Manila di Luzon, Kepulauan Filipina.^[5]^[6]

^ Dransfield, John (2002). "General introduction to rattan - the biological background to exploitation and the history of rattan research". Dalam Dransfield, John; Tesoro, Florentino O.; Manokaran, N. (penyunting). Rattan: current research issues and prospects for conservation and sustainable development (PDF). Non-Wood Forest Products 14. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). m/s. 23–34. ISBN 9251046913.
^ ^a ^b Campbell, Mason J.; Edwards, Will; Magrach, Ainhoa; Laurance, Susan G.; Alamgir, Mohammed; Porolak, Gabriel; Laurance, William F. (December 2017). "Forest edge disturbance increases rattan abundance in tropical rain forest fragments". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 6071. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.6071C. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06590-5. PMC 5519600. PMID 28729670.
^ Rattan: A Report of a Workshop held in Singapore, 4-6 June 1979 (PDF). Ottawa: International Development Research Centre. 1980. ISBN 0889362513.
^ Stiegel, Stephanie; Kessler, Michael; Getto, Daniela; Thonhofer, Joachim; Siebert, Stephen F. (August 2011). "Elevational patterns of species richness and density of rattan palms (Arecaceae: Calamoideae) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia". Biodiversity and Conservation. 20 (9): 1987–2005. doi:10.1007/s10531-011-0070-8.
^ Johnson, Dennis V. (2004): Rattan Glossary: And Compendium Glossary with Emphasis on Africa. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, p. 22.
^ Meicherczyk, R. (1989). "Forest and timber industry of Paraguay and international co-operation". Plant Research and Development. 29: 25–37.

[dransfield-1] Dransfield, John (2002). "General introduction to rattan - the biological background to exploitation and the history of rattan research". Dalam Dransfield, John; Tesoro, Florentino O.; Manokaran, N. (penyunting). Rattan: current research issues and prospects for conservation and sustainable development (PDF). Non-Wood Forest Products 14. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). m/s. 23–34. ISBN 9251046913.

[Campbell2017-2] Campbell, Mason J.; Edwards, Will; Magrach, Ainhoa; Laurance, Susan G.; Alamgir, Mohammed; Porolak, Gabriel; Laurance, William F. (December 2017). "Forest edge disturbance increases rattan abundance in tropical rain forest fragments". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 6071. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.6071C. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06590-5. PMC 5519600. PMID 28729670.

[3] Rattan: A Report of a Workshop held in Singapore, 4-6 June 1979 (PDF). Ottawa: International Development Research Centre. 1980. ISBN 0889362513.

[Stiegel-4] Stiegel, Stephanie; Kessler, Michael; Getto, Daniela; Thonhofer, Joachim; Siebert, Stephen F. (August 2011). "Elevational patterns of species richness and density of rattan palms (Arecaceae: Calamoideae) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia". Biodiversity and Conservation. 20 (9): 1987–2005. doi:10.1007/s10531-011-0070-8.

[5] Johnson, Dennis V. (2004): Rattan Glossary: And Compendium Glossary with Emphasis on Africa. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, p. 22.

[Meicherczyk-6] Meicherczyk, R. (1989). "Forest and timber industry of Paraguay and international co-operation". Plant Research and Development. 29: 25–37.

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