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↑The Edinburgh encyclopaedia, conducted by D. Brewster—Page 511, Original from Oxford University—published 1830
↑An Account of the State of Roman-Catholick Religion, Sir Richard Steele, Published 1715
↑N. Maxoudian, Early Armenia as an Empire: The Career of Tigranes III, 95–55 BC, Journal of The Royal Central Asian Society, Vol. 39, Issue 2, April 1952 , pp. 156–163.
↑A.D. Lee, The Role of Hostages in Roman Diplomacy with Sasanian Persia, Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, Vol. 40, No. 3 (1991), pp. 366–374 (see p.371)
↑M. Sicker, The pre-Islamic Middle East, 231 pp., Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000, (see p.181)
↑J. den Boeft, Philological and historical commentary on Ammianus Marcellinus XXIII, 299 pp., Bouma Publishers, 1998. (see p.44)
↑J. F. Matthews, Political life and culture in late Roman society, 304 pp., 1985
↑George Henry Townsend, A manual of dates: a dictionary of reference to the most important events in the history of mankind to be found in authentic records, 1116 pp., Warne, 1867. (see p.556)
↑F. Stark, Rome on the Euphrates: the story of a frontier, 481 pp., 1966. (see p.342)