Astronomical unit

Astronomical unit
The average distance between the Sun and the Earth is 1 AU
General information
Unit systemAstronomical system of units
(Accepted for use with the SI)
Unit oflength
Symbolau, ua, or AU 
Conversions
1 au, ua, or AU in ...... is equal to ...
   metric (SI) units   149597870700 m
   imperial & US units   9.2956×107 mi
   astronomical units   4.8481×10−6 pc
   1.5813×10−5 ly

The astronomical unit (AU) is a unit of length derived from the Earth's orbit. It is the average distance the Earth gets from the Sun on the long axis of the ellipse. Its definition is: the length of the semi-major axis of the Earth's elliptical orbit around the Sun. "Semi-major" means half the long axis.

The AU is about 150 million kilometers or 93 million miles. Astronomers usually measure distances within the Solar System in astronomical units. Mars is about 1.4 AU from the Sun, Jupiter lies at roughly 5.2 AU, and Neptune is roughly 30 AU from the Sun. Light travels an AU in about 8.317 minutes.


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