Brunei

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State of Brunei Negara Brunei  (Malay)
Flag Emblem
Motto:  الدائمون المحسنون بالهدى‎ Ad-dāʾimūna al-muḥsinūna bi-l-hudā (Sentiasa membuat kebajikan dengan petunjuk Allah) Always in service with God's guidance
Anthem:  Allah Peliharakan Sultan ﷲ ڤليهاراکن سلطان‎ God Bless the Sultan
Show globe Show map of south-east Asia Location of  Brunei  (green) in the ASEAN  (dark grey)  —  [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Bandar Seri Begawan 4°53.417′N 114°56.533′E / 4.890283°N 114.942217°E / 4.890283; 114.942217
Official language	Malay[1]
Other languages and dialects[3][4]	Brunei Malay Tutong Kedayan Belait Hindi Tamil Korean Chinese (Hokkien, Hakka Chinese, Standard Chinese and Cantonese) Indigenous languages Murut Dusun Brunei Bisaya
Official scripts	Malay alphabet (Rumi) Jawi alphabet[2]
Ethnic groups (2023)[5]	67% Malays 15% Chinese 6.2% Indian 5.5% Arab 2.2% Indonesian 1.9% Korean 0.8% others
Religion (2023)[5]	82.1% Sunni Islam (official) 8.7% Christianity 7.2% Buddhism (Mahayana) 1.2% Hinduism and Sikhism 0.8% other (includes indigenous beliefs)
Demonym(s)	Bruneian
Government	Unitary Islamic absolute monarchy (de facto) Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic under an hereditary dictatorship (de jure)
• Sultan and Prime Minister	Hassanal Bolkiah
• Crown Prince and Senior Minister	Al-Muhtadee Billah
• State Mufti	Abdul Aziz Juned
Legislature	Legislative Council of Brunei[a]
Formation
• Ancient Brunei	2000BC–1368
• Sultanate	1368–1888
• Protectorate established	17 September 1888
• Independence	1 January 1984
• Admitted to the United Nations	21 September 1984
Area
• Total	5,765[9] km2 (2,226 sq mi) (164th)
• Water (%)	8.6
Population
• 2023 estimate	455,858[10] (175th)
• 2023 census	445,400
• Density	72.11/km2 (186.8/sq mi) (134th)
GDP (PPP)	2023 estimate
• Total	$60.547 billion[11] (135th)
• Per capita	$70,609[11] (8th)
GDP (nominal)	2023 estimate
• Total	$37.152 billion[11] (122nd)
• Per capita	$32,153[11] (21st)
HDI (2023)	0.841[12] very high · 47th
Currency	Brunei dollar (BND)
Time zone	UTC+8 (Brunei Standard Time)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	left
Calling code	+673[c]
ISO 3166 code	BN
Internet TLD	.bn[13]
^ Also 080 from East Malaysia.

Brunei (officially called Brunei Darussalam, State of Brunei or the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace) is a country in Southeast Asia. It is north of Malaysia on the island of Borneo. The country is rather landlocked by Malaysia. To the north is the South China Sea and the Philippines to the northeast. The capital of Brunei is Bandar Seri Begawan. The country is small and has a small population. The leader of the country is the Sultan of Brunei. Due to the sale of his oil, he is one of the richest people in the world. The official religion in Brunei is Islam. There are also minorities of people who follow Buddhism or Animism. Brunei's official language and national language is Malay. Brunei is one of the smallest Muslim countries in the world.

1. ↑ Deterding, David; Athirah, Ishamina (22 July 2016). "Brunei Malay". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 47. Cambridge University Press: 99–108. doi:10.1017/S0025100316000189. ISSN 0025-1003. S2CID 201819132. Archived from the original on 15 May 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
2. ↑ Writing contest promotes usage, history of Jawi script Archived 12 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine. The Brunei Times (22 October 2010)
3. ↑ "Brunei". Ethnologue. 19 February 1999. Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
4. ↑ "Call to add ethnic languages as optional subject in schools". Archived from the original on 19 November 2013. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} "Population by Religion, Sex and Census Year". Archived from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
6. ↑ "Brunei Darussalam" (PDF). United Nations (Human Rights Council): 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
7. ↑ "Brunei: Freedom in the World 2020 Country Report". Freedom House. Archived from the original on 27 August 2022. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
8. ↑ "Brunei". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
9. ↑ "Brunei-Muara District" (PDF). Information.gov.bn (2nd ed.). Information Department, Prime Minister's Office, Brunei Darussalam. 2010. p. 8. ISBN 99917-49-24-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
10. ↑ "Population". Department of Economic Planning and Development. Archived from the original on 20 March 2017. Retrieved 2017-12-12.
11. ↑ ^{11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Brunei)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
12. ↑ "Human Development Report 2023/2024" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
13. ↑ "Delegation Record for .BN". IANA. Archived from the original on 9 September 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2015.