Carbon monoxide

Carbon monoxide
Ball-and-stick model of carbon monoxide	Spacefill model of carbon monoxide
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Carbon monoxide
	Other names Carbon monooxide; Carbonous oxide; Carbon(II) oxide; Carbonyl; Flue gas; Monoxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	630-08-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	3587264
ChEBI	CHEBI:17245 ;
ChemSpider	275 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.010.118
EC Number	211-128-3;
Gmelin Reference	421
KEGG	D09706 ;
MeSH	Carbon+monoxide
PubChem CID	281;
RTECS number	FG3500000;
UNII	7U1EE4V452 ;
UN number	1016
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5027273 ;
	SMILES [C-]#[O+];
Properties
Chemical formula	CO
Molar mass	28.010 g/mol
Appearance	colorless gas
Odor	odorless
Density	789 kg/m3, liquid; 1.250 kg/m3 at 0 °C, 1 atm; 1.145 kg/m3 at 25 °C, 1 atm
Melting point	−205.02 °C (−337.04 °F; 68.13 K)
Boiling point	−191.5 °C (−312.7 °F; 81.6 K)
Solubility in water	27.6 mg/L (25 °C)
Solubility	soluble in chloroform, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, ethanol, ammonium hydroxide, benzene
kH	1.04 atm·m3/mol
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−9.8·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.0003364
Dipole moment	0.122 D
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of; formation ΔfHo298	−110.5 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of; combustion ΔcHo298	−283.4 kJ/mol
Standard molar; entropy So298	197.7 J/(mol·K)
Specific heat capacity, C	29.1 J/(K·mol)
Hazards
EU classification	F+ T+
	4 3 0
R-phrases	R61 R12 R26 R48/23
S-phrases	S53 S45
Explosive limits	12.5–74.2%
U.S. Permissible; exposure limit (PEL)	TWA 50 ppm (55 mg/m3)
Related compounds
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	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

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Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. It consists of one carbon atom covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. It is made when carbon compounds burn and there is not enough oxygen. It is a good fuel and burns in air with a blue flame, making carbon dioxide. It is very toxic, but it is useful for modern technology as well.

The most important use for carbon monoxide in industry is making iron from iron ore. The carbon monoxide takes the oxygen from the iron ore when heated in a large oven called a blast furnace. Liquid metal iron is left behind. The carbon monoxide turns into carbon dioxide.

Carbon monoxide can accidentally form when there is too little air to burn all the fuel into carbon dioxide. Such a situation may happen if the oven shutters are closed too early or if a mobile cooker is used in a small tent with no ventilation (Ventilation is fresh air coming in and smoke going out). Many people have died from carbon monoxide poisoning. Low-level carbon monoxide poisoning can cause feelings of paranoia and hallucinations, and has been determined to be a major cause of "haunted" houses. Higher levels of carbon monoxide can cause flu-like symptoms, headaches, and death. Small amounts of it are found in coal gas, a fuel produced by heating coal without any air.

↑ GOV, NOAA Office of Response and Restoration, US. "CARBON MONOXIDE - CAMEO Chemicals - NOAA". cameochemicals.noaa.gov.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[1] GOV, NOAA Office of Response and Restoration, US. "CARBON MONOXIDE - CAMEO Chemicals - NOAA". cameochemicals.noaa.gov.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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