A clinical trial is one of the steps needed to introduce a new drug or therapy. Depending on the drug, either volunteers or patients suffering from a disease or condition are enrolled in a study. In general, a number of the people taking part will receive the real drug, or a good treatment, and the rest of the people will receive a treatment or drug that has no effect, called a placebo. These tests are statistical tests.
Examples of study designs:
- See if a certain drug is useful in treating a given disease.
- See if the disease or treatment improves with a different dose of medication.
- See if a drug that is already on the market can also help treat another disease (it was not designed for, at the start).
- See if a drug or treatment is better able to treat a patient's condition than the "standard" treatment already used.
- Compare two drugs or treatments to see which one is better able to treat a given condition.