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Ethiopia

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Name in national languages
  • Ge'ez:ኢትዮጵያ
    Amharic:የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ
    yeʾĪtiyoṗṗiya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk
    Oromo:Rippabliikii Federaalawaa Dimokraatawaa Itiyoophiyaa
    Somali:Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Federaalka Itoobiya
    Afar:ityoppiah federalih demokrasih ummuno
    Tigrinya:ናይኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ
    nayi'ītiyop'iya fēdēralawī dēmokirasīyawī rīpebilīki
Anthem: 
ወደፊት ገስግሺ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ
(English: "March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia")
Location of Ethiopia
Capital
and largest city
Addis Ababa
9°1′N 38°45′E / 9.017°N 38.750°E / 9.017; 38.750
Official languagesAfar
Amharic
Oromo
Somali
Tigrinya
English[1]
Regional languages[2]
Ethnic groups
(2016[3])
Religion
62.8% Christianity
—43.5% Ethiopian Orthodoxy
—18.6% Pentay (Protestantism)
—0.7% Catholicism
33.9% Islam
2.6% Traditional faiths
0.7% Others / None[4]
Demonym(s)Ethiopian
GovernmentEthnofederalist[5] parliamentary constitutional republic
• President
Taye Atske Selassie
Abiy Ahmed
Temesgen Tiruneh
Tagesse Chafo
Tewodros Mihret
LegislatureFederal Parliamentary Assembly
• Upper house
House of Federation
• Lower house
House of Peoples' Representatives
Formation of Ethiopia
Predecessor States
• Dʿmt
c. 980 BCE
c. 100 CE
900
1137
1936
• Sovereignty restored
1941
1974
1987
1993
August 21, 1995
Area
• Total
1,104,300[6] km2 (426,400 sq mi) (28th)
• Water (%)
0.7
Population
• 2021 estimate
120,283,026[7][8] (13th)
• 2007 census
73,750,932[9]
• Density
92.7/km2 (240.1/sq mi) (123rd)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
$272 billion[10] (58th)
• Per capita
$2,772[10]
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Total
$96 billion[10] (61st)
• Per capita
$974[10]
Gini (2011)Negative increase 33.6[11]
medium
HDI (2019)Increase 0.485[12]
low · 173rd
CurrencyBirr (ETB)
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
Driving sideright
Calling code+251
ISO 3166 codeET
Internet TLD.et
Part of a series on the
Habesha Community
ሐበሻ | Habesha
Ethiopia/Eritrea | Arms of the flag of Eritrea/Lion of Judah
National origin groups
Ethnic groups
Homeland Regions
Historical Kingdoms
Diaspora Communities
Religions
Religions
Christianity in Ethiopia and Eritrea and in the Habesha Community
Languages
Major Languages
Native Languages
Foreign & Diaspora Languages
Related national groups
History
Lists

Ethiopia has one of the longest known histories as a country in Africa. Ethiopia was one of the few countries in Africa that escaped the Scramble for Africa. It avoided being colonized until 1935, when it was invaded by the Italians under Benito Mussolini, who took over the country for a brief time. Ethiopia used to be called Abyssinia. The word "Ethiopia" is the combination of two words,"'''Eth'''" and "'''Yop'''". The word "'''Eth'''" was taken from the first king of Ethiopia named " '''Etheal'''" ('''meaning: Gift of God''') and "'''Yop'''" ('''meaning: Yellow Gold''') was the place where Etheal was appointed. And " '''ia'''" shows that Ethiopia is a country name. Generally, '''Ethiopia''' means " '''Gift of yellow gold for God'''". is the most populous landlocked country in the world. It lost its Red Sea ports when Eritrea gained independence in 1993.

  1. ↑ Shaban, Abdurahman. "One to five: Ethiopia gets four new federal working languages". Africa News. Archived from the original on 2020-12-15. Retrieved 2021-01-17.
  2. ↑ "Ethiopian Constitution".
  3. ↑ "Ethiopia". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  4. ↑ "Africa :: Ethiopia – the World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". Archived from the original on 2018-12-24. Retrieved 2021-01-17.
  5. ↑ "Zenawism as ethnic-federalism" (PDF).
  6. ↑ "Ethiopia - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. July 27, 2021. Retrieved August 2, 2021.
  7. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  8. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX). population.un.org ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  9. ↑ "Country Level". 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. CSA. July 13, 2010. Archived from the original on February 8, 2019. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  11. ↑ Selima, Jāhāna (2015). Work for human development (PDF). Human Development Report. United Nations Development Programme. p. 232. ISBN 978-92-1-126398-5. OCLC 936070939.
  12. ↑ Nations, United (December 15, 2020). Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Terrazas, Aaron Matteo (June 2007). "Beyond Regional Circularity: The Emergence of an Ethiopian Diaspora". Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 United States Census Bureau 2009–2013, Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over: 2009–2013, USCB, 30 November 2016, <https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2013/demo/2009-2013-lang-tables.html>.
  15. ↑ "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS" (PDF). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-08-26.
  16. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, <https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/people-australia-2013-statistics.pdf Archived 2017-04-17 at the Wayback Machine>.
  17. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, Archived 17 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (2013-02-05). "2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations — Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. ↑ Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98–314-XCB2011032
  20. ↑ Anon, 2016. 2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations | Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census. [online] Www12.statcan.gc.ca. Available at: <http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-tt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103001&PRID=10&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=> [Accessed 2 Dec. 2016].
  21. ↑ Immigrant languages in Canada. 2016. Immigrant languages in Canada. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.cfm. [Accessed 13 December 2016].
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 "Population by country of origin". Statistics Denmark.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 "Anzahl der Ausländer in Deutschland nach Herkunftsland". Das Statistik Portal.
  24. ↑ Roughly half of the Eritrean diaspora
  25. ↑ Amharas are estimated to be the largest ethnic group of estimated 20.000 Ethiopian Germans|https://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/downloads/gtz2009-en-ethiopian-diaspora.pdf Archived 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents". Statistics Norway.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 "Foreign-born persons by country of birth, age, sex and year". Statistics Sweden.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 "Ethiopian London". BBC. Retrieved 2008-12-06.
  29. ↑ pp, 25 (2015) United Kingdom. Available at: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB (Accessed: 30 November 2016).
  30. ↑ "United Kingdom". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  31. ↑ Trimingham, J. (2013). Islam in Ethiopia. Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 978-1136970221. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Adejumobi, Saheed A. (2007). The History of Ethiopia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-313-32273-0.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Eusebius of Caesarea, the author of Ecclesiastical History in the 4th century, states that Saint Mark came to Egypt in the first or third year of the reign of Emperor Claudius, i.e. AD 41 or 43 Otto Friedrich August Meinardus (2002). Two Thousand Years of Coptic Christianity. American Univ in Cairo Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-977-424-757-6.
  34. ↑ "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS" (PDF). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-08-26.
  35. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, <https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/people-australia-2013-statistics.pdf Archived 2017-04-17 at the Wayback Machine>.
  36. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, Archived 17 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  37. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (2013-02-05). "2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations — Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  38. ↑ Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98–314-XCB2011032
  39. ↑ Anon, 2016. 2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations | Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census. [online] Www12.statcan.gc.ca. Available at: <http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-tt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103001&PRID=10&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=> [Accessed 2 Dec. 2016].
  40. ↑ Immigrant languages in Canada. 2016. Immigrant languages in Canada. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.cfm. [Accessed 13 December 2016].
  41. ↑ Roughly half of the Eritrean diaspora
  42. ↑ Amharas are estimated to be the largest ethnic group of estimated 20.000 Ethiopian Germans|https://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/downloads/gtz2009-en-ethiopian-diaspora.pdf Archived 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
  43. ↑ pp, 25 (2015) United Kingdom. Available at: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB (Accessed: 30 November 2016).
  44. ↑ "United Kingdom". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  45. ↑ Trimingham, J. (2013). Islam in Ethiopia. Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 978-1136970221. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  46. ↑ "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS" (PDF). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-08-26.
  47. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, <https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/people-australia-2013-statistics.pdf Archived 2017-04-17 at the Wayback Machine>.
  48. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, Archived 17 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  49. ↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (2013-02-05). "2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations — Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  50. ↑ Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98–314-XCB2011032
  51. ↑ Anon, 2016. 2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations | Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census. [online] Www12.statcan.gc.ca. Available at: <http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-tt/Rp-eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103001&PRID=10&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=> [Accessed 2 Dec. 2016].
  52. ↑ Immigrant languages in Canada. 2016. Immigrant languages in Canada. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.cfm. [Accessed 13 December 2016].
  53. ↑ Roughly half of the Eritrean diaspora
  54. ↑ Amharas are estimated to be the largest ethnic group of estimated 20.000 Ethiopian Germans|https://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/downloads/gtz2009-en-ethiopian-diaspora.pdf Archived 2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
  55. ↑ pp, 25 (2015) United Kingdom. Available at: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB (Accessed: 30 November 2016).
  56. ↑ "United Kingdom". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  57. ↑ Trimingham, J. (2013). Islam in Ethiopia. Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 978-1136970221. Retrieved 19 September 2016.

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