Back Mao Zedong Afrikaans Mao Zedong ALS ማው ፀ-ቶንግ Amharic Mao Zedong AN माओ त्से-तुंग ANP ماو تسي تونغ Arabic ماو تسي طونݣ ARY ماو تسى تونج ARZ মাও জেদং Assamese Mao Zedong AST

Mao Zedong

Chairman

Mao Zedong
毛泽东
Official portrait, 1959
1st Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party
In office
20 March 1943 – 9 September 1976
Deputy
Preceded byPosition established;
Zhang Wentian
(as General Secretary)
Succeeded byHua Guofeng
1st President of China
In office
1 October 1949 – 27 April 1959
PremierZhou Enlai
Vice PresidentZhu De
Preceded byOffice established;
Chiang Kai-shek
(as President of the Republic of China)
Succeeded byLiu Shaoqi
1st and 8th Chairman of the Central Military Commission
In office
  • Party Commission: December 1936
  • State Commission: 1 October 1949
–
  • Party Commission: 9 September 1976
  • State Commission: 27 April 1959
Deputy
Preceded by
  • Zhu De
    (Party Commission)
  • Position established
    (State Commission)
Succeeded by
  • Hua Guofeng
    (Party Commission)
  • Liu Shaoqi
    (State Commission)
Personal details
Born(1893-12-26)26 December 1893
Shaoshan, Hunan, Qing dynasty
Died9 September 1976(1976-09-09) (aged 82)
Beijing, China
Resting placeChairman Mao Memorial Hall, Beijing
NationalityChinese
Political partyChinese Communist Party
(from 1921)
Other political
affiliations		Kuomintang
(1925–1926)
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1907; died 1910)​
​
​
(m. 1920; died 1930)​
​
​
(m. 1928; div. 1937)​
Children17
Parents
Alma materHunan First Normal University
Signature

Mao Zedong (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976) was a Chinese Communist politician and revolutionary. He founded the People's Republic of China (PRC), and was its first President from 1949 to 1959.

He was also called Chairman Mao, because he was the first Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1943 until his death in 1976. He was also the first and eighth Chairman of the Central Military Commission.

Mao led the Chinese Communist Party to victory in the Chinese Civil War. This united China as a single communist country. As president, he drastically transformed China's economy.

Some of Mao’s policies, like the Great Leap Forward, were disastrous for the Chinese people. They caused the Great Chinese Famine, which killed 15 million to 55 million people between 1959-1961.[note 1] Mao also started the Cultural Revolution, which resulted in widespread persecution and suffering. It ended after Mao's death in 1976.

Mao developed a form of Marxism-Leninism called Maoism. He has been called one of the most influential people in history.[10]

  1. ↑ Smil, Vaclav (18 December 1999). "China's great famine: 40 years later". BMJ: British Medical Journal. 319 (7225): 1619–1621. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7225.1619. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1127087. PMID 10600969.
  2. ↑ Gráda, Cormac Ó (2007). "Making Famine History". Journal of Economic Literature. 45 (1): 5–38. doi:10.1257/jel.45.1.5. hdl:10197/492. ISSN 0022-0515. JSTOR 27646746. S2CID 54763671.
  3. ↑ Meng, Xin; Qian, Nancy; Yared, Pierre (2015). "The Institutional Causes of China's Great Famine, 1959–1961" (PDF). Review of Economic Studies. 82 (4): 1568–1611. doi:10.1093/restud/rdv016. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 March 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  4. ↑ Hasell, Joe; Roser, Max (10 October 2013). "Famines". Our World in Data. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  5. ↑ Dikötter, Frank. "Mao's Great Famine: Ways of Living, Ways of Dying" (PDF). Dartmouth University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 July 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  6. ↑ Mirsky, Jonathan (7 December 2012). "Unnatural Disaster". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 24 January 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  7. ↑ Branigan, Tania (1 January 2013). "China's Great Famine: the true story". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  8. ↑ "China's Great Famine: A mission to expose the truth". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 21 April 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  9. ↑ Huang, Zheping (10 March 2016). "Charted: China's Great Famine, according to Yang Jisheng, a journalist who lived through it". Quartz. Archived from the original on 25 May 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
  10. ↑ Webley, Kayla (2011-02-04). "Top 25 Political Icons: Mao Zedong". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 2024-11-05.


Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

Developed by StudentB