Margaret of Anjou

Margaret of Anjou
Margaret of Anjou, detail from the Talbot Shrewsbury Book
Queen consort of England
1st tenure23 April 1445 – 4 March 1461
Coronation30 May 1445,
Westminster Abbey
2nd tenure3 October 1470 – 11 April 1471
Born23 March 1430
Pont-à-Mousson, Lorraine, France
Died25 August 1487 (aged 57)
Anjou, France
Burial
SpouseHenry VI of England
IssueEdward of Westminster, Prince of Wales
HouseValois-Anjou
FatherRené, King of Naples
MotherIsabella, Duchess of Lorraine
ReligionCatholicism

Margaret of Anjou (French: Marguerite; 23 March 1430 – 25 August 1487) was the Queen consort of England by marriage to King Henry VI from 1445 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471. She was born in the Duchy of Lorraine into the House of Valois-Anjou. Margaret was the second eldest daughter of René, King of Naples and Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine.

Margaret was important in the Wars of the Roses. At times, she personally led the House of Lancaster into battle. Her husband had several nervous breakdowns. They were seen as insanity, so Margaret ruled the kingdom in his place. It was she who called for a Great Council in May 1455 that excluded the House of York headed by Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York. This started a civil conflict that lasted for more than thirty years. This conflict caused the deaths of thousands of men. One of those who died was her only son Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, at the Battle of Tewkesbury in 1471.

Margaret was taken prisoner by the Yorkists after the Lancastrian defeat at Tewkesbury. In 1475, she was ransomed by her cousin, King Louis XI of France. She went to live in France as a poor relation of the French king. She died in France at the age of 57.


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