Mexico

United Mexican States Estados Unidos Mexicanos[1]  (Spanish)
Flag Seal of the Government of Mexico
Anthem: "Himno Nacional Mexicano" Mexican National Anthem
National seal: Seal of the United Mexican States
Capital and largest city	Mexico City 19°26′N 99°08′W / 19.433°N 99.133°W / 19.433; -99.133
Official languages	None at federal level[a]
National language	Spanish[a]
Recognized regional languages	68 indigenous languages
Ethnic groups	- Mestizo 60%[2] - Indigenous 28%[2] - European 9%[3] - African 1%[4] - Other 1%[2]
Demonym(s)	Mexican
Government	Federal presidential constitutional republic[5]
• President	Claudia Sheinbaum (MORENA)
• President of the Senate	Gerardo Fernández Noroña
• President of the Chamber of Deputies	Ifigenia Martínez y Hernández
Legislature	Congress
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies
Independence  from Spain
• Declared	September 16, 1810
• Recognized	September 27, 1821
Area
• Total	1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi) (14th)
• Water (%)	2.5
Population
• 2010 census	112,322,758[6] (11th)
• Density	57/km2 (147.6/sq mi) (142nd)
GDP (PPP)	2011 estimate
• Total	$1.629 trillion[7] (11th)
• Per capita	$15,113[8] (58th)
GDP (nominal)	2011 estimate
• Total	$1.041 trillion[7] (13th)
• Per capita	$9,489[7] (58th)
Gini (2008)	51.6[9] high
HDI (2011)	0.770[10] high · 57th
Currency	Peso (MXN)
Time zone	UTC−8 to −6 (Official Mexican Timezones)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−7 to −5 (varies)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+52
ISO 3166 code	MX
Internet TLD	.mx
^ Spanish is de facto the official language in the Mexican federal government.

Mexico (Spanish: México; official name: United Mexican States Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos, listen (help·info)^[11]) is a country in North America. Mexico is south of Texas, California and other American states. Guatemala and Belize are south of Mexico. Mexico is between the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.

People living in Mexico or who are from there are called Mexicans. Most Mexicans speak Spanish as their native language. Some Mexicans speak Native American languages, like Nahuatl, Mayan, and Zapotec. Most modern Mexicans are descended from Native Americans such as Aztecs and Mayans and mostly have native blood. They are Catholic. The capital of Mexico is Mexico City.

1. ↑ "Official Name of the Country". MX: Presidency of Mexico. 2005-03-31. Archived from the original on 2010-03-26. Retrieved 2010-05-30.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1 2.2} Lizcano Fernández, Francisco (May–August 2005). "Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI" (PDF). Convergencia (in Spanish). 38. Mexico: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades: 185–232, table on p. 218. ISSN 1405-1435. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-24. Retrieved 2012-03-28.
3. ↑ "Síntesis de Resultados" (PDF). Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas. 2006. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2010-12-22.
4. ↑ "Afro-Mexicans Counted in the Mexican Census for the First Time in History". 12 February 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2021-03-23.
5. ↑ "Political Constitution of the United Mexican States Title 2 Article 40" (PDF). MX: SCJN. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-05-11. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
6. ↑ "INEGI 2010 Census Statistics". inegi.org.mx. Archived from the original on 2011-01-08. Retrieved 2010-11-25.
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1 7.2} "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2010". International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2011.
8. ↑ "IMF". Archived from the original on 2011-10-10. Retrieved 2012-03-28.
9. ↑ "Gini Index". World Bank. Archived from the original on 2 January 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
10. ↑ "Human Development Report 2011 - Human development statistical annex" (PDF). HDRO (Human Development Report Office) United Nations Development Programme. pp. 127–130. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
11. ↑ "About Mexico". Embajada de Mexico en Estados Unidos (Mexican Embassy in the United States). 2012-12-03. Archived from the original on 2013-12-02. Retrieved 2013-07-17.