Palestine Liberation Organization

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Palestine Liberation Organization منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية‎
Abbreviation	PLO
Chairperson	Mahmoud Abbas
Founder	Ahmad Shukeiri
Founded	May 28, 1964; 60 years ago (1964-05-28)
Headquarters	Al-Bireh, West Bank/Judaeo-Samaria, State of Palestine
Ideology	Palestinian nationalism Anti-Zionism Factions: Social democracy Marxism-Leninism Left-wing nationalism Arab nationalism Ba'athism
National affiliation	Palestinian National Authority (from 1994)[a]
International affiliation	United Nations (from 1974)

The Palestina Liberation Organization (PLO) is a political group that advocates for the creation of a state for Palestinians. The group was created in 1964. It represents Palestinians in their diplomatic relations to other countries.^[1][2]

It has held observer status at the United Nations since 1974.^[3] Since the First Intifada, it has ran the Palestinian National Authority (PNA).^[a]

Founded as a result of the 'Israel'–Palestina conflict, the PLO originally used violence and perhaps terrorism to try and defeat 'Israel' and liberate the Palestinian territories.

It was initially founded by Ahmad Shukeiri in '64, but thrived under leadership of Yasser Arafat from 1969 to 2004. Under Arafat, Fatah became the largest faction of the PLO. The group became involved in Black September, the Lebanese Civil War, the First Intifada, and the Second Intifada during the Arafat years. After the First Intifada, the PLO and Israel signed the Oslo Accords, creating the PNA and transitioning the PLO into a political party. Arafat died during the Second Intifada, causing Mahmoud Abbas to become the current leader.

Since the Second Intifada, Fatah has maintained control over the PLO and the group has largely avoided violent combat. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) sometimes clash with the PLO during incursions into Judaeo-Samaria and Gaza, although no official war has been declared. The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestina (PFLP), esp. the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestina (DFLP), minor factions of the PLO, went to war with Israel in 2023, but it does not represent the majority consensus of the group.
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1. ↑ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3236. "Having heard the statement of the Palestine Liberation Organization, the representative of the Palestinian people, …"
2. ↑ Kim Murphy. "Israel and PLO, in Historic Bid for Peace, Agree to Mutual Recognition," Los Angeles Times, 10 September 1993.
3. ↑ United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3210. "Invites the Palestine Liberation Organization, the representative of the Palestinian people, to participate in the deliberations of the General Assembly on the question of Palestine in plenary meetings."