Predloga:Infopolje Element/symbol-to-oxidation-state

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Content maintenance (editing this data set)

Podatki oksidacijskih stanj (uredi)
Standardizirani komentarji (like, "napovedano") (uredi)

Usage

Automated used in {{Infopolje Element}} (pogovor):

Hg: {{Infopolje Element/symbol-to-oxidation-state|symbol=Hg}} → −2 , +1, +2 (rahlo bazični oksid)
Hs: {{Infopolje Element/symbol-to-oxidation-state|symbol=Hs}} → (+2), (+3), (+4), (+6), +8^[1]^[2]^[3] (v oklepajih: napoved)

Comment options


p p u Možnosti komentarjev oksidacijskih stanj (WP:ELEMENTI (pogovor))
`\|comment=` opcije:
comment=acidic	(kisel oksid)
comment=mildly acidic	(rahlo kisel oksid)
comment=strongly acidic	(močno kisel oksid)
comment=amphoteric	(amfoterni oksid)
comment=basic	(bazični oksid)
comment=weakly basic	(šibko bazični oksid)
comment=mildly basic	(rahlo bazični oksid)
comment=strongly basic	(močno bazični oksid)
comment=strongly basic expected	(pričakovano naj bi imel močno bazični oksid) -- Ra
comment=oxidizes oxygen	(oksidirajoči kisik) -- F
comment=depending	(odvisno od oksidacijskega stanja, kisel, bazni ali amfoterni oksid) -- Cr, Mn
comment=rarely non-0, weakly acidic	(redko več kot 0; šibko bazični oksid) -- Xe
comment=rarely non-0, unk oxide	rarely non-0, unk oxide -- Kr

comment=parenthesized	(v oklepajih: napoved)
comment=predicted	(napovedano)
comment=<any text>	<katerokoli besedilo>, vključno s presledkom

WP:ENGVAR (set `\|engvar=` in article page)
By default, element articles (and so infoboxes) are in `en-US`. In article space, one can call an infobox with `\|engvar=en-GB, en-OED`, which changes these spellings
`comment=parenthesized`
`\|engvar=`	(v oklepajih: napoved)
`\|engvar=en-US (default)`	(v oklepajih: napoved)
`\|engvar=en-GB`	(v oklepajih: napoved)
`\|engvar=en-OED`	(v oklepajih: napoved)
`\|engvar=en-FOO`	(v oklepajih: napoved)

Podatki

p p u Oksidacijska stanja (WP:ELEMENTI pogovor)
Z	Ime	Simbol	complete	main	group	val	opomba

1	vodik	H	−1, +1 (amfoterni oksid)	−1, +1	1	I
2	helij	He	0	0	18	0
3	litij	Li	+1 (močno bazični oksid)	+1	1	I
4	berilij	Be	0,^[4] +1,^[5] +2 (amfoterni oksid)	+2	2	II
5	bor	B	−5, −1, 0,^[6] +1, +2, +3^[7]^[8] (rahlo kisel oksid)	+3	13	III
6	ogljik	C	−4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1,^[9] +2, +3,^[10] +4^[11] (rahlo kisel oksid)	−4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4	14	IV
7	dušik	N	−3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (močno kisel oksid)	−3, +3, +5	15	V
8	kisik	O	−2, −1, 0, +1, +2	−2	16	VI
9	fluor	F	−1 (oksidirajoči kisik)	−1	17	VII
10	neon	Ne	0	0	18	0
11	natrij	Na	−1, +1 (močno bazični oksid)	+1	1	I
12	magnezij	Mg	+1,^[12] +2 (močno bazični oksid)	+2	2	II
13	aluminij	Al	−2, −1, +1,^[13] +2,^[14] +3 (amfoterni oksid)	+3	13	III
14	silicij	Si	−4, −3, −2, −1, 0,^[15] +1,^[16] +2, +3, +4 (amfoterni oksid)	−4, +4	14	IV
15	fosfor	P	−3, −2, −1, 0,^[17] +1,^[18] +2, +3, +4, +5 (rahlo kisel oksid)	−3, +3, +5	15	V
16	žveplo	S	−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (močno kisel oksid)	−2, +2, +4, +6	16	VI
17	klor	Cl	−1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (močno kisel oksid)	−1, +1, +3, +5, +7	17	VII
18	argon	Ar	0	0	18	0
19	kalij	K	−1, +1 (močno bazični oksid)	+1	1	I
20	kalcij	Ca	+1,^[19] +2 (močno bazični oksid)	+2	2	II
21	skandij	Sc	0,^[20] +1,^[21] +2,^[22] +3 (amfoterni oksid)	+3	3	III
22	titan	Ti	−2, −1, 0,^[23] +1, +2, +3, +4^[24] (amfoterni oksid)	+2, +3, +4	4	IV
23	vanadij	V	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (amfoterni oksid)	+2, +3, +4, +5	5	V
24	krom	Cr	−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (odvisno od oksidacijskega stanja, kisel, bazni ali amfoterni oksid)	+2, +3, +6	6	VI
25	mangan	Mn	−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (odvisno od oksidacijskega stanja, kisel, bazni ali amfoterni oksid)	+2, +4, +7	7	VII
26	železo	Fe	−4, −2, −1, 0, +1,^[25] +2, +3, +4, +5,^[26] +6, +7^[27] (amfoterni oksid)	+2, +3, +6	8	VIII
27	kobalt	Co	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5^[28] (amfoterni oksid)	+2, +3	9	VIII
28	nikelj	Ni	−2, −1, 0, +1,^[29] +2, +3, +4^[30] (rahlo bazični oksid)	+2	10	VIII
29	baker	Cu	−2, 0,^[31] +1, +2, +3, +4 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+1, +2	11	I
30	cink	Zn	−2, 0, +1, +2 (amfoterni oksid)	+2	12	II
31	galij	Ga	−5, −4, −3,^[32] −2, −1, +1, +2, +3^[33] (amfoterni oksid)	+3	13	III
32	germanij	Ge	−4 −3, −2, −1, 0,^[34] +1, +2, +3, +4 (amfoterni oksid)	−4, +2, +4	14	IV
33	arzen	As	−3, −2, −1, 0,^[35] +1,^[36] +2, +3, +4, +5 (rahlo kisel oksid)	−3, +3, +5	15	V
34	selen	Se	−2, −1, +1,^[37] +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (močno kisel oksid)	−2, +2, +4, +6	16	VI
35	brom	Br	−1, +1, +3, +4, +5, +7 (močno kisel oksid)	−1, +1, +3, +5	17	VII
36	kripton	Kr	0, +1, +2 rarely non-0, unk oxide	0	18	0
37	rubidij	Rb	−1, +1 (močno bazični oksid)	+1	1	I
38	stroncij	Sr	+1,^[38] +2 (močno bazični oksid)	+2	2	II
39	itrij	Y	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3 (šibko bazični oksid)	+3	3	III
40	cirkonij	Zr	−2, 0, +1,^[40] +2, +3, +4 (amfoterni oksid)	+4	4	IV
41	niobij	Nb	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (rahlo kisel oksid)	+5	5	V
42	molibden	Mo	−4, −2, −1, 0, +1,^[41] +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (močno kisel oksid)	+4, +6	6	VI
43	tehnecij	Tc	−3, −1, 0, +1,^[42] +2, +3,^[42] +4, +5, +6, +7 (močno kisel oksid)	+4, +7	7	VII
44	rutenij	Ru	−4, −2, 0, +1,^[43] +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8 (rahlo kisel oksid)	+3, +4	8	VIII
45	rodij	Rh	−3^[44], −1, 0, +1,^[45] +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (amfoterni oksid)	+3	9	VIII
46	paladij	Pd	0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (rahlo bazični oksid)	0, +2, +4	10	VIII
47	srebro	Ag	−2, −1, +1, +2, +3 (amfoterni oksid)	+1	11	I
48	kadmij	Cd	−2, +1, +2 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+2	12	II
49	indij	In	−5, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3^[46] (amfoterni oksid)	+3	13	III
50	kositer	Sn	−4, −3, −2, −1, 0,^[47] +1,^[48] +2, +3,^[49] +4 (amfoterni oksid)	−4, +2, +4	14	IV
51	antimon	Sb	−3, −2, −1, 0,^[50] +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (amfoterni oksid)	−3, +3, +5	15	V
52	telur	Te	−2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (rahlo kisel oksid)	−2, +2, +4, +6	16	VI
53	jod	I	−1, +1, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (močno kisel oksid)	−1, +1, +3, +5, +7	17	VII
54	ksenon	Xe	0, +1, +2, +4, +6, +8 (redko več kot 0; šibko bazični oksid)	0	18	0
55	cezij	Cs	−1, +1^[51] (močno bazični oksid)	+1	1	I
56	barij	Ba	+1, +2 (močno bazični oksid)	+2	2	II
57	lantan	La	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3 (močno bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	III
58	cerij	Ce	+1, +2, +3, +4 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+3, +4	n/a	-
59	prazeodim	Pr	0,^[39] +1,^[52] +2, +3, +4, +5 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
60	neodim	Nd	0,^[39] +2, +3, +4 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
61	prometij	Pm	+2, +3 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
62	samarij	Sm	0,^[39] +2, +3 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
63	evropij	Eu	0,^[39] +2, +3 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+2, +3	n/a	-
64	gadolinij	Gd	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
65	terbij	Tb	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3, +4 (šibko bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
66	disprozij	Dy	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3, +4 (šibko bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
67	holmij	Ho	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3 (bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
68	erbij	Er	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3 (bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
69	tulij	Tm	0,^[39] +2, +3 (bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
70	iterbij	Yb	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3 (bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	-
71	lutecij	Lu	0,^[39] +1, +2, +3 (šibko bazični oksid)	+3	3	-
72	hafnij	Hf	−2, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (amfoterni oksid)	+4	4	IV
73	tantal	Ta	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (rahlo kisel oksid)	+5	5	V
74	volfram	W	−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (rahlo kisel oksid)	+4, +6	6	VI
75	renij	Re	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (rahlo kisel oksid)	+4	7	VII
76	osmij	Os	−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8 (rahlo kisel oksid)	+4	8	VIII
77	iridij	Ir	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8, +9^[53]	+3, +4	9	VIII
78	platina	Pt	−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+2, +4	10	VIII
79	zlato	Au	−3, −2, −1, 0,^[54] +1, +2, +3, +5 (amfoterni oksid)	+1, +3	11	I
80	živo srebro	Hg	−2 , +1, +2 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+1, +2	12	II
81	talij	Tl	−5,^[55] −2, −1, +1, +2, +3 (rahlo bazični oksid)	+1, +3	13	III
82	svinec	Pb	−4, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4 (amfoterni oksid)	+2, +4	14	IV
83	bizmut	Bi	−3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (rahlo kisel oksid)	+3	15	V
84	polonij	Po	−2, +2, +4, +5,^[56] +6 (amfoterni oksid)	−2, +2, +4	16	VI
85	astat	At	−1, +1, +3, +5, +7^[57]	−1, +1	17	VII
86	radon	Rn	0, +2, +6	0	18	0
87	francij	Fr	+1 (močno bazični oksid)	+1	1	I
88	radij	Ra	+2 (pričakovano naj bi imel močno bazični oksid)	+2	2	II
89	aktinij	Ac	+3 (močno bazični oksid)	+3	n/a	III
90	torij	Th	+1, +2, +3, +4 (šibko bazični oksid)	+4	n/a	-
91	protaktinij	Pa	+2, +3, +4, +5 (šibko bazični oksid)	+5	n/a	-
92	uran	U	+1, +2, +3,^[58] +4, +5, +6 (amfoterni oksid)	+4, +6	n/a	-
93	neptunij	Np	+2, +3, +4,^[59] +5, +6, +7 (amfoterni oksid)	+5	n/a	-
94	plutonij	Pu	+2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8 (amfoterni oksid)	+4	n/a	-
95	americij	Am	+2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (amfoterni oksid)	+3	n/a	-
96	kirij	Cm	+3, +4, +5,^[60] +6^[61] (amfoterni oksid)	+3	n/a	-
97	berkelij	Bk	+2, +3, +4, +5^[60]	+3	n/a	-
98	kalifornij	Cf	+2, +3, +4, +5^[62]^[60]	+3	n/a	-
99	ajnštajnij	Es	+2, +3, +4	+3	n/a	-
100	fermij	Fm	+2, +3	+3	n/a	-
101	mendelevij	Md	+2, +3	+3	n/a	-
102	nobelij	No	+2, +3	+2	n/a	-
103	lavrencij	Lr	+3	+3	3	-
104	raderfordij	Rf	(+2), (+3), +4^[63]^[64]^[2] (v oklepajih: napoved)	(+3), +4 (v oklepajih: napoved)	4	IV
105	dubnij	Db	(+3), (+4), +5^[64]^[2] (v oklepajih: napoved)	+5	5	V
106	siborgij	Sg	0, (+3), (+4), (+5), +6^[64]^[2] (v oklepajih: napoved)	(+4), +6 (v oklepajih: napoved)	6	VI
107	borij	Bh	(+3), (+4), (+5), +7^[64]^[2] (v oklepajih: napoved)	(+3), (+4), (+5), +7 (v oklepajih: napoved)	7	VII
108	hasij	Hs	(+2), (+3), (+4), (+6), +8^[1]^[2]^[3] (v oklepajih: napoved)	(+3), (+4) (v oklepajih: napoved)	8	VIII
109	majtnerij	Mt	(+1), (+3), (+4), (+6), (+8), (+9) (napovedano)^[64]^[65]^[66]^[2]	(+1), (+3), (+6) (napovedano)	9	VIII
110	darmštatij	Ds	(0), (+2), (+4), (+6), (+8) (napovedano)^[64]^[2]	(0), (+2), (+8) (napovedano)	10	VIII
111	rentgenij	Rg	(−1), (+1), (+3), (+5), (+7) (napovedano)^[64]^[2]^[67]	(+3) (napovedano)	11	I
112	kopernicij	Cn	0, (+1), +2, (+4) (v oklepajih: napoved)^[64]^[68]^[2]	0, +2	12	II
113	nihonij	Nh	(−1), (+1), (+3), (+5) (napovedano)^[64]^[2]^[69]	(+1), (+3) (napovedano)	13	III
114	flerovij	Fl	(0), (+1), (+2), (+4), (+6) (napovedano)^[64]^[2]^[70]	(+2) (napovedano)	14	IV
115	moskovij	Mc	(+1), (+3) (napovedano)^[64]^[2]	(+1), (+3) (napovedano)	15	V
116	livermorij	Lv	(−2),^[71] (+2), (+4) (napovedano)^[64]	(+2) (napovedano)	16	VI
117	tenes	Ts	(−1), (+1), (+3), (+5) (napovedano)^[2]^[64]	(+1), (+3) (napovedano)	17	VII
118	oganeson	Og	(−1),^[64] (0), (+1),^[72] (+2),^[73] (+4),^[73] (+6)^[64] (napovedano)	(+2), (+4) (napovedano)	18	0
119	ununenij	Uue	(+1), (+3) (napovedano)^[64]	(+1) (napovedano)	1	I
120	unbinilij	Ubn	(+1),^[74] (+2), (+4) (napovedano)^[64]	(+2) (napovedano)	2	II
121	unbiunij	Ubu	(+1), (+3) (napovedano)^[64]^[75]	(+3) (napovedano)	n/a	III
122	unbibij	Ubb	(+4) (napovedano)^[76]	(+4) (napovedano)	n/a	-
123	unbitrij	Ubt	(+5) (napovedano)^[76]	(+5) (napovedano)	n/a
124	unbikvadij	Ubq	(+6) (napovedano)^[76]	(+6) (napovedano)	n/a
125	unbipentij	Ubp	(+1), (+6), (+7) (napovedano)^[76]	(+6), (+7) (napovedano)	n/a
126	unbiheksij	Ubh	(+1), (+2), (+4), (+6), (+8) (napovedano)^[76]	(+4), (+6), (+8) (napovedano)	n/a

Sklici

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 Hoffman 2006, str. 1691.
↑ ^2,00 ^2,01 ^2,02 ^2,03 ^2,04 ^2,05 ^2,06 ^2,07 ^2,08 ^2,09 ^2,10 ^2,11 ^2,12 ^2,13 Fricke, Burkhard (1975). »Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties«. Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Bonding. 21: 89–144. doi:10.1007/BFb0116498. ISBN 978-3-540-07109-9. Pridobljeno 4. oktobra 2013.
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 Düllmann, C. E. (2008). Investigation of group 8 metallocenes @ TASCA (PDF). 7th Workshop on Recoil Separator for Superheavy Element Chemistry TASCA 08. Arhivirano iz prvotnega spletišča (PDF) dne 30. aprila 2014. Pridobljeno 28. avgusta 2020.
↑ Be(0) has been observed; see »Beryllium(0) Complex Found«. Chemistry Europe. 13. junij 2016.
↑ »Beryllium: Beryllium(I) Hydride compound data« (PDF). bernath.uwaterloo.ca. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.
↑ Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). »Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond«. Science. 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1420B. doi:10.1126/science.1221138. PMID 22700924. S2CID 206540959.
↑ Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). »Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF« (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170 (1): 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.
↑ Melanie Schroeder. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (v nemščini). str. 139.
↑ »Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Electronic Transition of the Jet-Cooled CCI Free Radical« (PDF). Pridobljeno 6. decembra 2007.
↑ »Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the System of CP« (PDF). Pridobljeno 6. decembra 2007.
↑ »Carbon: Binary compounds«. Pridobljeno 6. decembra 2007.
↑ Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H.; Brault, J. W. (1985). »The spectrum of magnesium hydride« (PDF). Astrophysical Journal. 298: 375. Bibcode:1985ApJ...298..375B. doi:10.1086/163620.
↑ Dohmeier, C.; Loos, D.; Schnöckel, H. (1996). »Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 35 (2): 129–149. doi:10.1002/anie.199601291.
↑ D. C. Tyte (1964). »Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide«. Nature. 202 (4930): 383. Bibcode:1964Natur.202..383T. doi:10.1038/202383a0. S2CID 4163250.
↑ »New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound«. Chemistry Europe. 27. avgust 2016.
↑ Ram, R. S.; in sod. (1998). »Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the A2D–X2P Transition of SiH and SiD« (PDF). J. Mol. Spectr. 190 (2): 341–352. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1998.7582. PMID 9668026.
↑ Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; King, R. Bruce; Schaefer, Iii; Schleyer, Paul v. R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2008). »Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus«. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130 (45): 14970–1. doi:10.1021/ja807828t. PMID 18937460.
↑ Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). »Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds«. Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.
↑ Krieck, Sven; Görls, Helmar; Westerhausen, Matthias (2010). »Mechanistic Elucidation of the Formation of the Inverse Ca(I) Sandwich Complex [(thf)3Ca(μ-C6H3-1,3,5-Ph3)Ca(thf)3] and Stability of Aryl-Substituted Phenylcalcium Complexes«. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132 (35): 12492–12501. doi:10.1021/ja105534w. PMID 20718434.
↑ F. Geoffrey N. Cloke; Karl Khan; Robin N. Perutz (1991). »η-Arene complexes of scandium(0) and scandium(II)«. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. (19): 1372–1373. doi:10.1039/C39910001372.
↑ Smith, R. E. (1973). »Diatomic Hydride and Deuteride Spectra of the Second Row Transition Metals«. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 332 (1588): 113–127. Bibcode:1973RSPSA.332..113S. doi:10.1098/rspa.1973.0015. S2CID 96908213.
↑ McGuire, Joseph C.; Kempter, Charles P. (1960). »Preparation and Properties of Scandium Dihydride«. Journal of Chemical Physics. 33 (5): 1584–1585. Bibcode:1960JChPh..33.1584M. doi:10.1063/1.1731452.
↑ Jilek, Robert E.; Tripepi, Giovanna; Urnezius, Eugenijus; Brennessel, William W.; Young, Victor G., Jr.; Ellis, John E. (2007). »Zerovalent titanium–sulfur complexes. Novel dithiocarbamato derivatives of Ti(CO)₆: [Ti(CO)₄(S₂CNR₂)]⁻«. Chem. Commun. (25): 2639–2641. doi:10.1039/B700808B. PMID 17579764.
↑ Andersson, N.; in sod. (2003). »Emission spectra of TiH and TiD near 938 nm« (PDF). J. Chem. Phys. 118 (8): 10543. Bibcode:2003JChPh.118.3543A. doi:10.1063/1.1539848.
↑ Ram, R. S.; Bernath, P. F. (2003). »Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of the g⁴Δ–a⁴Δ system of FeCl«. Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 221 (2): 261. Bibcode:2003JMoSp.221..261R. doi:10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00225-X.
↑ Demazeau, G.; Buffat, B.; Pouchard, M.; Hagenmuller, P. (1982). »Recent developments in the field of high oxidation states of transition elements in oxides stabilization of six-coordinated Iron(V)«. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 491: 60–66. doi:10.1002/zaac.19824910109.
↑ Lu, J.; Jian, J.; Huang, W.; Lin, H.; Li, J; Zhou, M. (2016). »Experimental and theoretical identification of the Fe(VII) oxidation state in FeO₄⁻«. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 18 (45): 31125–31131. Bibcode:2016PCCP...1831125L. doi:10.1039/C6CP06753K. PMID 27812577.
↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2. izd.). Butterworth-Heinemann. str. 1117–1119. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
↑ Pfirrmann, Stefan; Limberg, Christian; Herwig, Christian; Stößer, Reinhard; Ziemer, Burkhard (2009). »A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (18): 3357–61. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862. PMID 19322853.
↑ Carnes, Matthew; Buccella, Daniela; Chen, Judy Y.-C.; Ramirez, Arthur P.; Turro, Nicholas J.; Nuckolls, Colin; Steigerwald, Michael (2009). »A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (2): 290–4. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435. PMID 19021174.
↑ Moret, Marc-Etienne; Zhang, Limei; Peters, Jonas C. (2013). »A Polar Copper–Boron One-Electron σ-Bond«. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 (10): 3792–3795. doi:10.1021/ja4006578. PMID 23418750.
↑ Ga(−3) has been observed in LaGa, see Dürr, Ines; Bauer, Britta; Röhr, Caroline (2011). »Lanthan-Triel/Tetrel-ide La(Al,Ga)_x(Si,Ge)_1-x. Experimentelle und theoretische Studien zur Stabilität intermetallischer 1:1-Phasen« (PDF). Z. Naturforsch. (v nemščini). 66b: 1107–1121.
↑ Hofmann, Patrick (1997). Colture. Ein Programm zur interaktiven Visualisierung von Festkörperstrukturen sowie Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von binären und ternären Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallgalliden (PDF) (diplomska naloga) (v nemščini). PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich. str. 72. doi:10.3929/ethz-a-001859893. hdl:20.500.11850/143357. ISBN 978-3728125972.
↑ »New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound«. Chemistry Europe. 27. avgust 2016.
↑ Abraham, Mariham Y.; Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; Shaefer III, Henry F.; Schleyer, P. von R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2010). »Carbene Stabilization of Diarsenic: From Hypervalency to Allotropy«. Chemistry: A European Journal. 16 (2): 432–5. doi:10.1002/chem.200902840. PMID 19937872.
↑ Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2004). »Stabilized Arsenic(I) Iodide: A Ready Source of Arsenic Iodide Fragments and a Useful Reagent for the Generation of Clusters«. Inorganic Chemistry. 43 (19): 5981–6. doi:10.1021/ic049281s. PMID 15360247.
↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2. izd.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
↑ Colarusso, P.; Guo, B.; Zhang, K.-Q.; Bernath, P. F. (1996). »High-Resolution Infrared Emission Spectrum of Strontium Monofluoride« (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 175 (1): 158. Bibcode:1996JMoSp.175..158C. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1996.0019.
↑ ^39,00 ^39,01 ^39,02 ^39,03 ^39,04 ^39,05 ^39,06 ^39,07 ^39,08 ^39,09 ^39,10 ^39,11 ^39,12 ^39,13 Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). »Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides«. Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (15. december 2003). »Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation«. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
↑ »Zirconium: zirconium(I) fluoride compound data«. OpenMOPAC.net. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.
↑ »Molybdenum: molybdenum(I) fluoride compound data«. OpenMOPAC.net. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.
↑ ^42,0 ^42,1 »Technetium: technetium(III) iodide compound data«. OpenMOPAC.net. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.
↑ »Ruthenium: ruthenium(I) fluoride compound data«. OpenMOPAC.net. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.
↑ Ellis J E. Highly Reduced Metal Carbonyl Anions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemical Properties. Adv. Organomet. Chem, 1990, 31: 1-51.
↑ »Rhodium: rhodium(I) fluoride compound data«. OpenMOPAC.net. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.
↑ Guloy, A. M.; Corbett, J. D. (1996). »Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of Two Lanthanum Indium Germanides with Novel Structures and Properties«. Inorganic Chemistry. 35 (9): 2616–22. doi:10.1021/ic951378e. PMID 11666477.
↑ »New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound«. Chemistry Europe. 27. avgust 2016.
↑ »HSn«. NIST Chemistry WebBook. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Pridobljeno 23. januarja 2013.
↑ »SnH3«. NIST Chemistry WebBook. National Institure of Standards and Technology. Pridobljeno 23. januarja 2013.
↑ Anastas Sidiropoulos. »Studies of N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes of the Main Group Elements« (PDF). str. 39. doi:10.4225/03/5B0F4BDF98F60. S2CID 132399530.
↑ Dye, J. L. (1979). »Compounds of Alkali Metal Anions«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 18 (8): 587–598. doi:10.1002/anie.197905871.
↑ Chen, Xin; in sod. (13. december 2019). »Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB^3– and PrB^4– Boride Clusters«. Inorganic Chemistry. 58 (1): 411–418. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572. PMID 30543295.
↑ Wang, Guanjun; Zhou, Mingfei; Goettel, James T.; Schrobilgen, Gary G.; Su, Jing; Li, Jun; Schlöder, Tobias; Riedel, Sebastian (2014). »Identification of an iridium-containing compound with a formal oxidation state of IX«. Nature. 514 (7523): 475–477. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..475W. doi:10.1038/nature13795. PMID 25341786. S2CID 4463905.
↑ Mézaille, Nicolas; Avarvari, Narcis; Maigrot, Nicole; Ricard, Louis; Mathey, François; Le Floch, Pascal; Cataldo, Laurent; Berclaz, Théo; Geoffroy, Michel (1999). »Gold(I) and Gold(0) Complexes of Phosphinine‐Based Macrocycles«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 38 (21): 3194–3197. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19991102)38:21<3194::AID-ANIE3194>3.0.CO;2-O. PMID 10556900.
↑ Dong, Z.-C.; Corbett, J. D. (1996). »Na₂₃K₉Tl_15.3: An Unusual Zintl Compound Containing Apparent Tl₅⁷⁻, Tl₄⁸⁻, Tl₃⁷⁻, and Tl⁵⁻ Anions«. Inorganic Chemistry. 35 (11): 3107–12. doi:10.1021/ic960014z.
↑ Thayer, John S. (2010). »Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements«. Relativistic Methods for Chemists. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics. 10: 78. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2. ISBN 978-1-4020-9974-8.
↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2. izd.). Butterworth-Heinemann. str. 28. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
↑ Morss, L.R.; Edelstein, N.M.; Fuger, J., ur. (2006). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd izd.). Netherlands: Springer. ISBN 978-9048131464.
↑ Np(II), (III) and (IV) have been observed, see Dutkiewicz, Michał S.; Apostolidis, Christos; Walter, Olaf; Arnold, Polly L (2017). »Reduction chemistry of neptunium cyclopentadienide complexes: from structure to understanding«. Chem. Sci. 8 (4): 2553–2561. doi:10.1039/C7SC00034K. PMC 5431675. PMID 28553487.
↑ ^60,0 ^60,1 ^60,2 Kovács, Attila; Dau, Phuong D.; Marçalo, Joaquim; Gibson, John K. (2018). »Pentavalent Curium, Berkelium, and Californium in Nitrate Complexes: Extending Actinide Chemistry and Oxidation States«. Inorg. Chem. American Chemical Society. 57 (15): 9453–9467. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01450. PMID 30040397.
↑ Domanov, V. P.; Lobanov, Yu. V. (Oktober 2011). »Formation of volatile curium(VI) trioxide CmO₃«. Radiochemistry. SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica. 53 (5): 453–6. doi:10.1134/S1066362211050018. S2CID 98052484.
↑ Greenwood & Earnshaw 1997, str. 1265.
↑ »Rutherfordium«. Royal Chemical Society. Pridobljeno 21. septembra 2019.
↑ ^64,00 ^64,01 ^64,02 ^64,03 ^64,04 ^64,05 ^64,06 ^64,07 ^64,08 ^64,09 ^64,10 ^64,11 ^64,12 ^64,13 ^64,14 ^64,15 ^64,16 ^64,17 Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). »Transactinides and the future elements«. V Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (ur.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd izd.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5.
↑ Ionova, G. V.; Ionova, I. S.; Mikhalko, V. K.; Gerasimova, G. A.; Kostrubov, Yu. N.; Suraeva, N. I. (2004). »Halides of Tetravalent Transactinides (Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, 110th Element): Physicochemical Properties«. Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry. 30 (5): 352. doi:10.1023/B:RUCO.0000026006.39497.82. S2CID 96127012.
↑ Himmel, Daniel; Knapp, Carsten; Patzschke, Michael; Riedel, Sebastian (2010). »How Far Can We Go? Quantum-Chemical Investigations of Oxidation State +IX«. ChemPhysChem. 11 (4): 865–9. doi:10.1002/cphc.200900910. PMID 20127784.
↑ Conradie, Jeanet; Ghosh, Abhik (15. junij 2019). »Theoretical Search for the Highest Valence States of the Coinage Metals: Roentgenium Heptafluoride May Exist«. Inorganic Chemistry. 2019 (58): 8735–8738. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01139. PMID 31203606.
↑ Gäggeler, Heinz W.; Türler, Andreas (2013). »Gas Phase Chemistry of Superheavy Elements«. The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements. Springer Science+Business Media. str. 415–483. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37466-1_8. ISBN 978-3-642-37465-4. Pridobljeno 21. aprila 2018.
↑ Thayer, John S. (2010). »Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements«. V Barysz, Maria; Ishikawa, Yasuyuki (ur.). Relativistic Methods for Chemists. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics. Zv. 10. Springer. str. 63–67. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2. ISBN 978-1-4020-9974-8.
↑ Schwerdtfeger, Peter; Seth, Michael (2002). »Relativistic Quantum Chemistry of the Superheavy Elements. Closed-Shell Element 114 as a Case Study« (PDF). Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences. 3 (1): 133–136. doi:10.14494/jnrs2000.3.133. Pridobljeno 12. septembra 2014.
↑ Thayer, John S. (2010). »Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements«. Relativistic Methods for Chemists. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics. 10: 83. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2. ISBN 978-1-4020-9974-8.
↑ Han, Young-Kyu; Bae, Cheolbeom; Son, Sang-Kil; Lee, Yoon Sup (2000). »Spin–orbit effects on the transactinide p-block element monohydrides MH (M=element 113–118)«. Journal of Chemical Physics. 112 (6): 2684. Bibcode:2000JChPh.112.2684H. doi:10.1063/1.480842.
↑ ^73,0 ^73,1 Kaldor, Uzi; Wilson, Stephen (2003). Theoretical Chemistry and Physics of Heavy and Superheavy Elements. Springer. str. 105. ISBN 978-1402013713. Pridobljeno 18. januarja 2008.
↑ Thayer, John S. (2010). »Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements«. Relativistic Methods for Chemists. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics. 10: 84. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2. ISBN 978-1-4020-9974-8.
↑ Amador, Davi H. T.; de Oliveira, Heibbe C. B.; Sambrano, Julio R.; Gargano, Ricardo; de Macedo, Luiz Guilherme M. (12. september 2016). »4-Component correlated all-electron study on Eka-actinium Fluoride (E121F) including Gaunt interaction: Accurate analytical form, bonding and influence on rovibrational spectra«. Chemical Physics Letters. 662: 169–175. Bibcode:2016CPL...662..169A. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2016.09.025.
↑ ^76,0 ^76,1 ^76,2 ^76,3 ^76,4 Pyykkö, Pekka (2011). »A suggested periodic table up to Z ≤ 172, based on Dirac–Fock calculations on atoms and ions«. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 13 (1): 161–8. Bibcode:2011PCCP...13..161P. doi:10.1039/c0cp01575j. PMID 20967377.


p p u Možnosti komentarjev oksidacijskih stanj (WP:ELEMENTI (pogovor))
`\|comment=` opcije:
comment=acidic	(kisel oksid)
comment=mildly acidic	(rahlo kisel oksid)
comment=strongly acidic	(močno kisel oksid)
comment=amphoteric	(amfoterni oksid)
comment=basic	(bazični oksid)
comment=weakly basic	(šibko bazični oksid)
comment=mildly basic	(rahlo bazični oksid)
comment=strongly basic	(močno bazični oksid)
comment=strongly basic expected	(pričakovano naj bi imel močno bazični oksid) -- Ra
comment=oxidizes oxygen	(oksidirajoči kisik) -- F
comment=depending	(odvisno od oksidacijskega stanja, kisel, bazni ali amfoterni oksid) -- Cr, Mn
comment=rarely non-0, weakly acidic	(redko več kot 0; šibko bazični oksid) -- Xe
comment=rarely non-0, unk oxide	rarely non-0, unk oxide -- Kr

comment=parenthesized	(v oklepajih: napoved)
comment=predicted	(napovedano)
comment=<any text>	<katerokoli besedilo>, vključno s presledkom

WP:ENGVAR (set `\|engvar=` in article page)
By default, element articles (and so infoboxes) are in `en-US`. In article space, one can call an infobox with `\|engvar=en-GB, en-OED`, which changes these spellings
`comment=parenthesized`
`\|engvar=`	(v oklepajih: napoved)
`\|engvar=en-US (default)`	(v oklepajih: napoved)
`\|engvar=en-GB`	(v oklepajih: napoved)
`\|engvar=en-OED`	(v oklepajih: napoved)
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[FOOTNOTEHoffman20061691-1] 1,0 ^1,1 Hoffman 2006, str. 1691.

[BFricke-2] 2,00 ^2,01 ^2,02 ^2,03 ^2,04 ^2,05 ^2,06 ^2,07 ^2,08 ^2,09 ^2,10 ^2,11 ^2,12 ^2,13 Fricke, Burkhard (1975). »Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties«. Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Bonding. 21: 89–144. doi:10.1007/BFb0116498. ISBN 978-3-540-07109-9. Pridobljeno 4. oktobra 2013.

[hassocene-3] 3,0 ^3,1 Düllmann, C. E. (2008). Investigation of group 8 metallocenes @ TASCA (PDF). 7th Workshop on Recoil Separator for Superheavy Element Chemistry TASCA 08. Arhivirano iz prvotnega spletišča (PDF) dne 30. aprila 2014. Pridobljeno 28. avgusta 2020.

[ZeroValentBeryllium-4] Be(0) has been observed; see »Beryllium(0) Complex Found«. Chemistry Europe. 13. junij 2016.

[5] »Beryllium: Beryllium(I) Hydride compound data« (PDF). bernath.uwaterloo.ca. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.

[6] Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). »Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond«. Science. 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1420B. doi:10.1126/science.1221138. PMID 22700924. S2CID 206540959.

[7] Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). »Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF« (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170 (1): 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.

[8] Melanie Schroeder. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (v nemščini). str. 139.

[9] »Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Electronic Transition of the Jet-Cooled CCI Free Radical« (PDF). Pridobljeno 6. decembra 2007.

[10] »Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the System of CP« (PDF). Pridobljeno 6. decembra 2007.

[11] »Carbon: Binary compounds«. Pridobljeno 6. decembra 2007.

[12] Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H.; Brault, J. W. (1985). »The spectrum of magnesium hydride« (PDF). Astrophysical Journal. 298: 375. Bibcode:1985ApJ...298..375B. doi:10.1086/163620.

[13] Dohmeier, C.; Loos, D.; Schnöckel, H. (1996). »Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 35 (2): 129–149. doi:10.1002/anie.199601291.

[14] D. C. Tyte (1964). »Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide«. Nature. 202 (4930): 383. Bibcode:1964Natur.202..383T. doi:10.1038/202383a0. S2CID 4163250.

[ZeroValentTin-15] »New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound«. Chemistry Europe. 27. avgust 2016.

[16] Ram, R. S.; in sod. (1998). »Fourier Transform Emission Spectroscopy of the A2D–X2P Transition of SiH and SiD« (PDF). J. Mol. Spectr. 190 (2): 341–352. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1998.7582. PMID 9668026.

[17] Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; King, R. Bruce; Schaefer, Iii; Schleyer, Paul v. R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2008). »Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus«. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130 (45): 14970–1. doi:10.1021/ja807828t. PMID 18937460.

[18] Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). »Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds«. Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.

[West-19] Krieck, Sven; Görls, Helmar; Westerhausen, Matthias (2010). »Mechanistic Elucidation of the Formation of the Inverse Ca(I) Sandwich Complex [(thf)3Ca(μ-C6H3-1,3,5-Ph3)Ca(thf)3] and Stability of Aryl-Substituted Phenylcalcium Complexes«. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132 (35): 12492–12501. doi:10.1021/ja105534w. PMID 20718434.

[20] F. Geoffrey N. Cloke; Karl Khan; Robin N. Perutz (1991). »η-Arene complexes of scandium(0) and scandium(II)«. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. (19): 1372–1373. doi:10.1039/C39910001372.

[Smith-21] Smith, R. E. (1973). »Diatomic Hydride and Deuteride Spectra of the Second Row Transition Metals«. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 332 (1588): 113–127. Bibcode:1973RSPSA.332..113S. doi:10.1098/rspa.1973.0015. S2CID 96908213.

[McGuire-22] McGuire, Joseph C.; Kempter, Charles P. (1960). »Preparation and Properties of Scandium Dihydride«. Journal of Chemical Physics. 33 (5): 1584–1585. Bibcode:1960JChPh..33.1584M. doi:10.1063/1.1731452.

[23] Jilek, Robert E.; Tripepi, Giovanna; Urnezius, Eugenijus; Brennessel, William W.; Young, Victor G., Jr.; Ellis, John E. (2007). »Zerovalent titanium–sulfur complexes. Novel dithiocarbamato derivatives of Ti(CO)₆: [Ti(CO)₄(S₂CNR₂)]⁻«. Chem. Commun. (25): 2639–2641. doi:10.1039/B700808B. PMID 17579764.

[24] Andersson, N.; in sod. (2003). »Emission spectra of TiH and TiD near 938 nm« (PDF). J. Chem. Phys. 118 (8): 10543. Bibcode:2003JChPh.118.3543A. doi:10.1063/1.1539848.

[25] Ram, R. S.; Bernath, P. F. (2003). »Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of the g⁴Δ–a⁴Δ system of FeCl«. Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 221 (2): 261. Bibcode:2003JMoSp.221..261R. doi:10.1016/S0022-2852(03)00225-X.

[26] Demazeau, G.; Buffat, B.; Pouchard, M.; Hagenmuller, P. (1982). »Recent developments in the field of high oxidation states of transition elements in oxides stabilization of six-coordinated Iron(V)«. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 491: 60–66. doi:10.1002/zaac.19824910109.

[27] Lu, J.; Jian, J.; Huang, W.; Lin, H.; Li, J; Zhou, M. (2016). »Experimental and theoretical identification of the Fe(VII) oxidation state in FeO₄⁻«. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 18 (45): 31125–31131. Bibcode:2016PCCP...1831125L. doi:10.1039/C6CP06753K. PMID 27812577.

[greenwood-28] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2. izd.). Butterworth-Heinemann. str. 1117–1119. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[29] Pfirrmann, Stefan; Limberg, Christian; Herwig, Christian; Stößer, Reinhard; Ziemer, Burkhard (2009). »A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (18): 3357–61. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862. PMID 19322853.

[30] Carnes, Matthew; Buccella, Daniela; Chen, Judy Y.-C.; Ramirez, Arthur P.; Turro, Nicholas J.; Nuckolls, Colin; Steigerwald, Michael (2009). »A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (2): 290–4. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435. PMID 19021174.

[31] Moret, Marc-Etienne; Zhang, Limei; Peters, Jonas C. (2013). »A Polar Copper–Boron One-Electron σ-Bond«. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 (10): 3792–3795. doi:10.1021/ja4006578. PMID 23418750.

[32] Ga(−3) has been observed in LaGa, see Dürr, Ines; Bauer, Britta; Röhr, Caroline (2011). »Lanthan-Triel/Tetrel-ide La(Al,Ga)_x(Si,Ge)_1-x. Experimentelle und theoretische Studien zur Stabilität intermetallischer 1:1-Phasen« (PDF). Z. Naturforsch. (v nemščini). 66b: 1107–1121.

[33] Hofmann, Patrick (1997). Colture. Ein Programm zur interaktiven Visualisierung von Festkörperstrukturen sowie Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von binären und ternären Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallgalliden (PDF) (diplomska naloga) (v nemščini). PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich. str. 72. doi:10.3929/ethz-a-001859893. hdl:20.500.11850/143357. ISBN 978-3728125972.

[ZeroValentTin2-34] »New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound«. Chemistry Europe. 27. avgust 2016.

[35] Abraham, Mariham Y.; Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; Shaefer III, Henry F.; Schleyer, P. von R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2010). »Carbene Stabilization of Diarsenic: From Hypervalency to Allotropy«. Chemistry: A European Journal. 16 (2): 432–5. doi:10.1002/chem.200902840. PMID 19937872.

[36] Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2004). »Stabilized Arsenic(I) Iodide: A Ready Source of Arsenic Iodide Fragments and a Useful Reagent for the Generation of Clusters«. Inorganic Chemistry. 43 (19): 5981–6. doi:10.1021/ic049281s. PMID 15360247.

[37] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2. izd.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[38] Colarusso, P.; Guo, B.; Zhang, K.-Q.; Bernath, P. F. (1996). »High-Resolution Infrared Emission Spectrum of Strontium Monofluoride« (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 175 (1): 158. Bibcode:1996JMoSp.175..158C. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1996.0019.

[Cloke1993-39] 39,00 ^39,01 ^39,02 ^39,03 ^39,04 ^39,05 ^39,06 ^39,07 ^39,08 ^39,09 ^39,10 ^39,11 ^39,12 ^39,13 Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). »Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides«. Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (15. december 2003). »Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation«. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.

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[OpenMOPAC-42] 42,0 ^42,1 »Technetium: technetium(III) iodide compound data«. OpenMOPAC.net. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.

[43] »Ruthenium: ruthenium(I) fluoride compound data«. OpenMOPAC.net. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.

[44] Ellis J E. Highly Reduced Metal Carbonyl Anions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemical Properties. Adv. Organomet. Chem, 1990, 31: 1-51.

[45] »Rhodium: rhodium(I) fluoride compound data«. OpenMOPAC.net. Pridobljeno 10. decembra 2007.

[46] Guloy, A. M.; Corbett, J. D. (1996). »Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of Two Lanthanum Indium Germanides with Novel Structures and Properties«. Inorganic Chemistry. 35 (9): 2616–22. doi:10.1021/ic951378e. PMID 11666477.

[ZeroValentTin3-47] »New Type of Zero-Valent Tin Compound«. Chemistry Europe. 27. avgust 2016.

[48] »HSn«. NIST Chemistry WebBook. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Pridobljeno 23. januarja 2013.

[49] »SnH3«. NIST Chemistry WebBook. National Institure of Standards and Technology. Pridobljeno 23. januarja 2013.

[50] Anastas Sidiropoulos. »Studies of N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes of the Main Group Elements« (PDF). str. 39. doi:10.4225/03/5B0F4BDF98F60. S2CID 132399530.

[caeside-51] Dye, J. L. (1979). »Compounds of Alkali Metal Anions«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 18 (8): 587–598. doi:10.1002/anie.197905871.

[52] Chen, Xin; in sod. (13. december 2019). »Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB^3– and PrB^4– Boride Clusters«. Inorganic Chemistry. 58 (1): 411–418. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572. PMID 30543295.

[IrIX-53] Wang, Guanjun; Zhou, Mingfei; Goettel, James T.; Schrobilgen, Gary G.; Su, Jing; Li, Jun; Schlöder, Tobias; Riedel, Sebastian (2014). »Identification of an iridium-containing compound with a formal oxidation state of IX«. Nature. 514 (7523): 475–477. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..475W. doi:10.1038/nature13795. PMID 25341786. S2CID 4463905.

[54] Mézaille, Nicolas; Avarvari, Narcis; Maigrot, Nicole; Ricard, Louis; Mathey, François; Le Floch, Pascal; Cataldo, Laurent; Berclaz, Théo; Geoffroy, Michel (1999). »Gold(I) and Gold(0) Complexes of Phosphinine‐Based Macrocycles«. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 38 (21): 3194–3197. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19991102)38:21<3194::AID-ANIE3194>3.0.CO;2-O. PMID 10556900.

[55] Dong, Z.-C.; Corbett, J. D. (1996). »Na₂₃K₉Tl_15.3: An Unusual Zintl Compound Containing Apparent Tl₅⁷⁻, Tl₄⁸⁻, Tl₃⁷⁻, and Tl⁵⁻ Anions«. Inorganic Chemistry. 35 (11): 3107–12. doi:10.1021/ic960014z.

[Thayer_p78-56] Thayer, John S. (2010). »Relativistic Effects and the Chemistry of the Heavier Main Group Elements«. Relativistic Methods for Chemists. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics. 10: 78. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9975-5_2. ISBN 978-1-4020-9974-8.

[57] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2. izd.). Butterworth-Heinemann. str. 28. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[58] Morss, L.R.; Edelstein, N.M.; Fuger, J., ur. (2006). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd izd.). Netherlands: Springer. ISBN 978-9048131464.

[Dutkiewicz2017-59] Np(II), (III) and (IV) have been observed, see Dutkiewicz, Michał S.; Apostolidis, Christos; Walter, Olaf; Arnold, Polly L (2017). »Reduction chemistry of neptunium cyclopentadienide complexes: from structure to understanding«. Chem. Sci. 8 (4): 2553–2561. doi:10.1039/C7SC00034K. PMC 5431675. PMID 28553487.

[Kovács2018-60] 60,0 ^60,1 ^60,2 Kovács, Attila; Dau, Phuong D.; Marçalo, Joaquim; Gibson, John K. (2018). »Pentavalent Curium, Berkelium, and Californium in Nitrate Complexes: Extending Actinide Chemistry and Oxidation States«. Inorg. Chem. American Chemical Society. 57 (15): 9453–9467. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01450. PMID 30040397.

[CmO3-61] Domanov, V. P.; Lobanov, Yu. V. (Oktober 2011). »Formation of volatile curium(VI) trioxide CmO₃«. Radiochemistry. SP MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica. 53 (5): 453–6. doi:10.1134/S1066362211050018. S2CID 98052484.

[FOOTNOTEGreenwoodEarnshaw19971265-62] Greenwood & Earnshaw 1997, str. 1265.

[rsc-Rf-63] »Rutherfordium«. Royal Chemical Society. Pridobljeno 21. septembra 2019.

[Haire-64] 64,00 ^64,01 ^64,02 ^64,03 ^64,04 ^64,05 ^64,06 ^64,07 ^64,08 ^64,09 ^64,10 ^64,11 ^64,12 ^64,13 ^64,14 ^64,15 ^64,16 ^64,17 Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). »Transactinides and the future elements«. V Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (ur.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd izd.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5.

[MtX4-65] Ionova, G. V.; Ionova, I. S.; Mikhalko, V. K.; Gerasimova, G. A.; Kostrubov, Yu. N.; Suraeva, N. I. (2004). »Halides of Tetravalent Transactinides (Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, 110th Element): Physicochemical Properties«. Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry. 30 (5): 352. doi:10.1023/B:RUCO.0000026006.39497.82. S2CID 96127012.

[Mt(IX)-66] Himmel, Daniel; Knapp, Carsten; Patzschke, Michael; Riedel, Sebastian (2010). »How Far Can We Go? Quantum-Chemical Investigations of Oxidation State +IX«. ChemPhysChem. 11 (4): 865–9. doi:10.1002/cphc.200900910. PMID 20127784.

[hepta-67] Conradie, Jeanet; Ghosh, Abhik (15. junij 2019). »Theoretical Search for the Highest Valence States of the Coinage Metals: Roentgenium Heptafluoride May Exist«. Inorganic Chemistry. 2019 (58): 8735–8738. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01139. PMID 31203606.

[superheavy_chemistry-68] Gäggeler, Heinz W.; Türler, Andreas (2013). »Gas Phase Chemistry of Superheavy Elements«. The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements. Springer Science+Business Media. str. 415–483. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37466-1_8. ISBN 978-3-642-37465-4. Pridobljeno 21. aprila 2018.

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[hydride-72] Han, Young-Kyu; Bae, Cheolbeom; Son, Sang-Kil; Lee, Yoon Sup (2000). »Spin–orbit effects on the transactinide p-block element monohydrides MH (M=element 113–118)«. Journal of Chemical Physics. 112 (6): 2684. Bibcode:2000JChPh.112.2684H. doi:10.1063/1.480842.

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